5.5 years (including 1-year compulsory rotating internship)
Phase I (1 year - 2 Sems): Pre-clinical subjects - Anatomy, Physiology, Biochemistry.
Phase II (1.5 years - 3 Sems): Para-clinical subjects - Pathology, Pharmacology, Microbiology, Forensic Medicine. Introduction to clinical subjects.
Phase III Part 1 (1 year - 2 Sems): Community Medicine, ENT, Ophthalmology.
Phase III Part 2 (1 year - 2 Sems): Medicine & allied, Surgery & allied, Obstetrics & Gynecology, Pediatrics.
Internship (1 year): Rotations through major clinical departments.
General physician in hospitals (government/private), private practice, clinical research, medical academics, public health administration, specialization (MD/MS/DNB), medical journalism, hospital management.
Govt. Sector (after internship): ₹60,000 - ₹1,00,000+ per month (varies by state, rural service etc.)
Private Sector (entry): ₹40,000 - ₹80,000+ per month (varies by hospital, location)
With Specialization & Experience: Can range from ₹1.5 Lakhs to several lakhs per month.
5 years (including 1-year compulsory rotating internship)
Year 1: General medical subjects (Anatomy, Physiology, Biochemistry) with an introduction to Dental Anatomy & Materials.
Year 2: Dental Materials, Pre-clinical Prosthodontics, Pre-clinical Conservative Dentistry, General Pathology, Microbiology, Pharmacology.
Year 3: Oral Pathology, General Medicine, General Surgery, Periodontology, Oral Medicine & Radiology.
Year 4: Prosthodontics, Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics, Orthodontics, Pedodontics, Oral Surgery, Public Health Dentistry.
Internship (1 year): Rotations through dental specialty departments.
Dentist in private clinics or hospitals, government dental services, research, dental academics, dental product industry, cosmetic dentistry, specialization (MDS).
Govt. Sector (after internship): ₹45,000 - ₹70,000+ per month.
Private Clinic (entry, associate): ₹25,000 - ₹50,000+ per month (highly variable based on clinic's reputation and patient flow).
Own Clinic/With Specialization: Income varies vastly based on practice, location, and specialization.
5.5 years (including 1-year compulsory internship)
First Professional (1.5 years): Ayurvedic foundational texts, Sanskrit, Anatomy (Ayurvedic & Modern), Physiology (Ayurvedic & Modern).
Second Professional (1.5 years): Ayurvedic Pharmacology & Pharmaceutics, Pathology & Diagnostics (Ayurvedic & Modern), Toxicology, Jurisprudence.
Third Professional (1.5 years): Preventive & Social Medicine, Pediatrics, Internal Medicine, General Surgery Principles, ENT & Ophthalmology (Ayurvedic perspectives).
Internship (1 year): Clinical training in Ayurvedic hospitals.
Ayurvedic physician/consultant in clinics, hospitals, wellness centers; research in Ayurvedic medicine; teaching; pharmaceutical industry (Ayurvedic products); Panchakarma specialist; health tourism. Further studies: MD/MS (Ayurveda).
Govt. Medical Officer: ₹40,000 - ₹70,000+ per month.
Private Practice/Wellness Centers: ₹25,000 - ₹60,000+ (entry), can grow significantly with experience and reputation.
Academics/Research: Varies by institution.
5.5 years (including 1-year compulsory internship)
Year 1: Anatomy, Physiology, Biochemistry, Homoeopathic Pharmacy, Organon & Philosophy, Materia Medica.
Year 2: Pathology & Microbiology, Forensic Medicine, Organon (contd.), Materia Medica (contd.), Introduction to Surgery, Obstetrics & Gynaecology.
Year 3: Surgery, Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Practice of Medicine, Materia Medica (contd.), Organon (contd.), Community Medicine.
Year 4: Practice of Medicine (contd.), Repertory, Community Medicine (contd.), Advanced Materia Medica & Organon.
Internship (1 year): Clinical training in Homoeopathic hospitals/dispensaries.
Homoeopathic practitioner in private clinics or hospitals; government dispensaries; research; teaching; consultant in wellness industry; pharmaceutical industry (Homoeopathic medicines). Further studies: MD (Homoeopathy).
Govt. Medical Officer: ₹35,000 - ₹60,000+ per month.
Private Practice: ₹20,000 - ₹50,000+ (entry), significantly dependent on patient volume and reputation.
Consultant roles: Variable, often based on experience.
5.5 years (including 1-year compulsory internship)
First Professional (1.5 years): Arabic, Unani Philosophy, Anatomy (Unani & Modern), Physiology (Unani & Modern).
Second Professional (1.5 years): Unani Pharmacology (principles and single drugs), Pathology & Diagnostics (Unani & Modern), Unani Pharmacy, Toxicology.
Third Professional (1.5 years): Preventive & Community Medicine, Gynaecology & Obstetrics, Paediatrics, ENT, Ophthalmology, General Medicine, Surgery (Unani perspectives).
Internship (1 year): Clinical training in Unani hospitals and dispensaries.
Unani physician/consultant in clinics, hospitals, wellness centers; research in Unani system; teaching; government Unani dispensaries; Unani pharmaceutical industry. Further studies: MD/MS (Unani).
Govt. Medical Officer: ₹40,000 - ₹70,000+ per month.
Private Practice: ₹20,000 - ₹50,000+ (entry), potential for growth with established practice.
Academics/Research: Varies by institution.
5.5 years (including 1-year compulsory rotating internship)
Year 1: Anatomy, Physiology, Biochemistry, Livestock Production Management (general).
Year 2: Microbiology, Pathology, Parasitology, Animal Nutrition, Animal Genetics & Breeding.
Year 3: Pharmacology & Toxicology, Public Health & Epidemiology, Surgery & Radiology (introductory), Medicine (introductory), Gynaecology & Obstetrics (introductory).
Year 4: Advanced Surgery, Medicine, Gynaecology & Obstetrics, Livestock Products Technology, Extension Education, Clinics.
Internship (1 year): Rotations in veterinary hospitals/polyclinics, livestock farms, poultry farms, dairy plants, diagnostic labs, etc.
Veterinarian in government animal husbandry departments, private clinics/hospitals, poultry/dairy farms, wildlife sanctuaries, zoos, research institutions (ICAR, IVRI), pharmaceutical companies (veterinary division), animal feed industry, meat processing plants, academics.
Govt. Veterinary Officer: ₹55,000 - ₹90,000+ per month.
Private Practice/Industry: ₹30,000 - ₹70,000+ (entry), can increase substantially with experience and specialization.
4.5 years (including 6-month compulsory internship)
Year 1 (2 Sems): Anatomy, Physiology, Biochemistry, Basic Biomechanics, Introduction to Exercise Therapy & Electrotherapy.
Year 2 (2 Sems): Advanced Kinesiology, Exercise Therapy II, Electrotherapy II, Pathology, Pharmacology, Psychology.
Year 3 (2 Sems): Orthopedics, Neurology, General Medicine & Surgery (PT aspects), Cardiorespiratory Physiotherapy, Clinical Postings.
Year 4 (2 Sems): Sports Physiotherapy, Community Physiotherapy, Research Methodology, Advanced PT in various specialties, Project work, Continued Clinical Postings.
Internship (6 months): Rotations in various physiotherapy departments.
Physiotherapist in hospitals, private clinics, rehabilitation centers, sports teams, fitness centers, NGOs, special schools, industrial health, academic institutions. Specializations include orthopedics, neurology, sports, cardiopulmonary, pediatrics, geriatrics.
Hospitals/Clinics (entry): ₹20,000 - ₹40,000+ per month.
Private Practice/Specialized roles: Can earn ₹40,000 - ₹1,00,000+ with experience and reputation. Sports physiotherapists can earn higher.
4.5 years (including 6-month compulsory internship)
Year 1 (2 Sems): Anatomy, Physiology, Biochemistry, Basic Psychology, Introduction to Occupational Therapy.
Year 2 (2 Sems): Kinesiology, Therapeutic Activities, Developmental Psychology, OT in Physical Dysfunction (Foundations).
Year 3 (2 Sems): OT in Mental Health, OT in Pediatrics, Orthotics & Prosthetics (OT perspective), Clinical Reasoning, Community OT.
Year 4 (2 Sems): Advanced OT interventions, Ergonomics, Research & Project Work, Management & Administration in OT.
Internship (6 months): Rotations in various settings like hospitals, special schools, rehabilitation centers.
Occupational Therapist in hospitals, rehabilitation centers, special schools, mental health facilities, geriatric care centers, NGOs, community health settings, industrial ergonomics, consultant for assistive devices. Specializations: Pediatrics, Mental Health, Neurology, Orthopedics.
Hospitals/Centers (entry): ₹20,000 - ₹40,000+ per month.
Private Practice/Consultancy: Potential to earn ₹35,000 - ₹80,000+ with experience and specialization.
4 years (8 Semesters)
Sem 1-2: Foundational sciences (Botany, Zoology, Chemistry, Maths, Stats), Introduction to Agriculture, Principles of Agronomy, Soil Science basics.
Sem 3-4: Plant Pathology, Entomology, Genetics & Plant Breeding, Agricultural Economics, Agricultural Engineering basics, Water Management.
Sem 5-6: Crop Production (Kharif & Rabi), Horticulture, Animal Husbandry, Agricultural Extension, Seed Technology, Farm Management.
Sem 7-8: Electives (e.g., Organic Farming, Precision Agriculture, Agribusiness), Rural Agricultural Work Experience (RAWE), Project work, Post-Harvest Technology.
Agricultural Officer in government departments, Bank Officer (Agriculture Specialist), Farm Manager, Researcher (ICAR, SAUs), Extension Officer, Agribusiness roles (seed, fertilizer, pesticide companies), Food processing industry, Plantation Manager, Agricultural journalism, Entrepreneurship in farming/allied sectors.
Govt. Sector (Agri Officer, Bank PO): ₹40,000 - ₹70,000+ per month.
Private Sector (entry): ₹20,000 - ₹40,000+ per month, increasing with experience and MBA (Agribusiness).
3 years (6 Semesters)
Sem 1-2: Chemistry fundamentals, Cell Biology, Introduction to Biomolecules, Basic Microbiology, Maths/Stats for Biologists.
Sem 3-4: Proteins & Enzymes, Carbohydrate & Lipid Metabolism, Nucleic Acids & Molecular Biology, Bioenergetics, Basic Immunology.
Sem 5-6: Clinical Biochemistry, Plant Biochemistry, Nutritional Biochemistry, Genetic Engineering concepts, Advanced Enzymology, Project work/Dissertation, Analytical Techniques.
Research Assistant/Associate in labs (academic, industrial), Pharmaceutical industry (R&D, QA/QC), Biotechnology companies, Food & Beverage industry, Clinical diagnostic labs, Scientific writing, Sales & Marketing (biochemical reagents/instruments). Further studies: M.Sc., Ph.D.
Research/Lab (entry): ₹18,000 - ₹30,000+ per month.
Industry (QA/QC, R&D support): ₹20,000 - ₹35,000+ per month. Higher with M.Sc.
3 years (6 Semesters)
Sem 1-2: Foundations in Chemistry, Cell Biology, Introduction to Plant and Animal Diversity, Basic Ecology.
Sem 3-4: Genetics, Molecular Biology, Plant Physiology, Animal Physiology, Comparative Anatomy of Vertebrates, Plant Systematics.
Sem 5-6: Developmental Biology, Evolution, Environmental Science, Applied Biology electives (e.g., Immunology, Biotechnology basics, Biostatistics), Project work.
Research labs (academic/industrial), Teaching (schools, coaching), Forest department, Environmental conservation agencies, Zoological parks & botanical gardens, Pharmaceutical sales, Scientific writing. Foundation for M.Sc. in specialized biological sciences (Botany, Zoology, Microbiology, Biotechnology, etc.).
Research Assistant/Lab Technician: ₹15,000 - ₹25,000+ per month.
Teaching (entry): ₹20,000 - ₹35,000+ per month.
Greatly enhanced with a Master's degree.
3 years (6 Semesters)
Sem 1-2: Basic Chemistry, Cell Biology, Introduction to Microbiology, Maths for Biologists, Introduction to Biotechnology.
Sem 3-4: Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Genetics, Immunology, Bioprocess Technology fundamentals, Plant Tissue Culture.
Sem 5-6: Genetic Engineering, Animal Cell Culture, Industrial Fermentation, Bioinformatics, Environmental Biotechnology, Electives, Project work.
Pharmaceutical industry (R&D, production, QC), Biotech companies (diagnostics, agri-biotech, therapeutics), Food processing industry, Research institutions, Clinical research organizations, Bio-fertilizer/Bio-pesticide units, Aquaculture industry.
R&D/Lab (entry): ₹20,000 - ₹35,000+ per month.
Production/QC: ₹18,000 - ₹30,000+ per month.
M.Sc. in Biotechnology significantly improves prospects.
3 years (6 Semesters)
Sem 1-2: Diversity of Microbes & Algae, Fungi & Lichens, Cell Biology, Chemistry (ancillary).
Sem 3-4: Bryophytes & Pteridophytes, Gymnosperms, Plant Anatomy, Plant Physiology I (Metabolism).
Sem 5-6: Angiosperm Taxonomy & Embryology, Plant Physiology II (Growth, Development), Ecology, Genetics & Plant Breeding, Molecular Biology, Economic Botany, Electives, Project.
Botanical Survey of India, Forest departments, Herbariums & Botanical gardens, Seed companies, Plant breeding centers, Nurseries, Environmental consultancies, Teaching, Research, Plant-based product industries.
Research/Field Assistant: ₹15,000 - ₹25,000+ per month.
Govt. roles (after specific exams): ₹30,000 - ₹50,000+ per month.
M.Sc. in Botany/allied fields is often preferred for better roles.
3 years (6 Semesters)
Sem 1-2: Atomic Structure, Bonding, Periodicity, Basics of Organic Chemistry (Nomenclature, Isomerism), Gaseous State, Solutions.
Sem 3-4: s & p block elements, Stereochemistry, Alcohols, Phenols, Ethers, Thermodynamics, Chemical Kinetics.
Sem 5-6: d & f block, Coordination Chemistry, Organic Reaction Mechanisms, Spectroscopy, Electrochemistry, Solid State, Electives (e.g., Polymer Chemistry, Industrial Chemistry), Project.
Pharmaceutical industry (R&D, QC/QA, Production), Chemical manufacturing, Petrochemical industry, Agrochemicals, Food & Beverage (QC), Paint & Dye industry, Forensic labs, Research institutions, Teaching.
Lab Chemist/QA/QC: ₹18,000 - ₹30,000+ per month.
R&D (entry with B.Sc.): ₹20,000 - ₹35,000+ per month.
M.Sc. Chemistry significantly boosts salary and role complexity.
3 years (6 Semesters)
Sem 1-2: Programming in C, Digital Logic, Mathematics I & II (Calculus, Algebra), Communication Skills.
Sem 3-4: Data Structures, Object-Oriented Programming (e.g., C++/Java), Operating Systems, Database Management Systems, Computer Organization.
Sem 5-6: Computer Networks, Software Engineering, Web Technologies, Electives (AI, ML, Cloud Computing basics), Project Work.
Software Developer/Engineer (entry-level), Web Developer, Database Administrator (junior), System Administrator, Network Administrator (junior), Technical Support, QA Tester, IT consultant (junior). Opportunities in IT companies, MNCs, startups, government IT departments.
Entry-level Software Developer/Trainee: ₹2.5 Lakhs - ₹5 Lakhs per annum (₹20,000 - ₹40,000+ per month). Can be higher in product companies or for skilled individuals.
3 years (6 Semesters)
Sem 1-2: Introduction to Data Science, Programming in Python, Descriptive Statistics, Linear Algebra, Calculus.
Sem 3-4: Probability & Inferential Statistics, Data Structures, SQL & NoSQL Databases, Data Wrangling, Data Visualization tools.
Sem 5-6: Machine Learning I & II, Big Data Analytics (concepts), Electives (e.g., Natural Language Processing basics, Deep Learning basics), Capstone Project.
Data Analyst (entry-level), Junior Data Scientist, Business Analyst, Machine Learning Engineer (junior), Data Visualization Specialist. Demand across IT, e-commerce, finance, healthcare, marketing sectors.
Entry-level Data Analyst: ₹3.5 Lakhs - ₹7 Lakhs per annum (₹30,000 - ₹60,000+ per month). Highly skill-dependent.
3 years (6 Semesters)
Sem 1-2: Basic Human Anatomy & Physiology, General Chemistry, Introduction to Food Science, Principles of Nutrition.
Sem 3-4: Biochemistry, Macronutrients, Micronutrients, Food Microbiology, Human Development & Lifecycle Nutrition.
Sem 5-6: Clinical Nutrition & Diet Therapy I & II, Community Nutrition, Food Service Management, Dietetic Techniques & Patient Counseling, Project/Internship component.
Dietitian/Nutritionist in hospitals, clinics, wellness centers, fitness centers, sports organizations, food industry (product development, labeling), research, public health programs, catering services, academic institutions.
Junior Dietitian/Nutritionist: ₹18,000 - ₹35,000+ per month.
Private Consultants/Experienced: Can earn significantly more, especially with specialization.
3 years (6 Semesters)
Sem 1-2: Mathematics, Physics (Electricity & Magnetism), Basic Electrical Engineering, Semiconductor Devices, C Programming.
Sem 3-4: Analog Circuits, Digital Electronics, Electronic Instrumentation, Network Theory, Microprocessors.
Sem 5-6: Microcontrollers & Embedded Systems (intro), Communication Systems, Power Electronics (basics), Electives (e.g., VLSI basics, Digital Signal Processing basics), Project.
Electronics industry (manufacturing, testing, assembly), Telecommunication sector, IT hardware, Embedded systems companies (junior roles), Research labs (technical assistant), Service engineer for electronic equipment, Defence organizations.
Technician/Junior Engineer: ₹15,000 - ₹30,000+ per month.
Better prospects often require M.Sc. Electronics or B.Tech. ECE.
3 years (6 Semesters)
Sem 1-2: Introduction to Environmental Science, Ecology, Earth Sciences, Basic Chemistry & Biology.
Sem 3-4: Environmental Pollution, Biodiversity & Conservation, Environmental Chemistry, Hydrology & Water Resources.
Sem 5-6: Waste Management, EIA & Environmental Management, Climate Change, Environmental Law, GIS & Remote Sensing, Project work/Field studies.
Environmental consultancies, Pollution control boards (State & Central), NGOs working on environmental issues, Industries (Environment, Health & Safety - EHS departments), Waste management companies, Research institutions, Teaching, Environmental journalism.
Environmental Analyst/Officer (entry): ₹20,000 - ₹35,000+ per month.
Consultancy/NGO roles: Variable, often project-based.
3 years (Some institutions offer 4-year B.Tech. Food Tech)
Sem 1-2: Chemistry, Physics, Maths, Biology, Introduction to Food Technology, Food Microbiology basics.
Sem 3-4: Food Chemistry, Food Processing Principles, Technology of Cereals & Pulses, Fruits & Vegetables Processing.
Sem 5-6: Technology of Milk, Meat & Poultry, Food Engineering principles, Food Quality & Safety, Food Packaging, Project/Internship.
Food processing industries (production, QA/QC, R&D), Food safety auditor, Food analyst in labs, Sensory evaluation expert, Food packaging industry, Regulatory bodies (FSSAI), Research institutions, Entrepreneurship in food business.
Production/QA Officer (entry): ₹18,000 - ₹30,000+ per month.
R&D Assistant: ₹20,000 - ₹35,000+ per month.
B.Tech Food Tech often has an edge over B.Sc. for certain roles.
3 years (6 Semesters)
Sem 1-2: Introduction to Forensic Science, Basic Sciences (Chemistry, Physics, Biology relevant to Forensics), Criminology basics, Law basics.
Sem 3-4: Forensic Chemistry, Forensic Biology, Fingerprint Analysis, Questioned Documents, Forensic Physics.
Sem 5-6: Forensic Toxicology, DNA Forensics, Cyber Forensics (intro), Ballistics, Forensic Medicine (intro), Project, Mock crime scene.
State/Central Forensic Science Laboratories (FSLs), Private forensic labs, Detective agencies, Banks & Insurance companies (fraud detection), Law firms (as experts), Cybersecurity firms (if specialized), Teaching.
Junior Scientific Officer/Lab Assistant in FSLs (after clearing exams): ₹30,000 - ₹50,000+ per month.
Private Sector (entry): ₹18,000 - ₹30,000+ per month. Often requires M.Sc. Forensic Science for better positions.
3 years (6 Semesters)
Sem 1-2: Physical Geology, Elements of Crystallography & Mineralogy, Ancillary subjects (Chemistry, Physics/Maths).
Sem 3-4: Igneous Petrology, Sedimentary Petrology, Paleontology, Structural Geology I.
Sem 5-6: Metamorphic Petrology, Stratigraphy, Economic Geology, Hydrogeology, Applied Geology (Engineering/Environmental), Field Work/Dissertation.
Geological Survey of India (GSI), Oil & Natural Gas Corporation (ONGC), Coal India Ltd. (CIL), Mining companies (public/private), Groundwater exploration agencies, Construction industry (geotechnical investigation), Research institutions, Teaching.
Geologist in Govt. organizations (GSI, ONGC after exams): ₹50,000 - ₹80,000+ per month.
Private Mining/Exploration (entry): ₹25,000 - ₹45,000+ per month.
M.Sc. Geology/Applied Geology is highly preferred.
4 years (8 Semesters) - Similar to B.Sc. Agriculture, but specialized.
Sem 1-2: Basic sciences, Introduction to Horticulture, Soil Science, Plant Propagation.
Sem 3-4: Fruit Production (Tropical, Subtropical), Vegetable Production (Tropical), Plant Protection basics.
Sem 5-6: Temperate Fruits & Vegetables, Ornamental Horticulture, Plantation Crops, Spices, Post-Harvest Technology.
Sem 7-8: Medicinal & Aromatic Plants, Greenhouse Technology, Breeding of Horticultural Crops, Experiential Learning/RAWE focused on horticulture, Project.
State Horticulture Departments, National Horticulture Board, ICAR institutions, Farm Manager (horticultural farms), Landscape Designer, Nursery Owner, Food processing units (fruits/vegetables), Seed & planting material companies, Floriculture industry, Consultant.
Govt. Horticulture Officer: ₹40,000 - ₹70,000+ per month.
Private Sector (entry): ₹20,000 - ₹35,000+ per month, varies with farm size/company.
3 years (6 Semesters)
Sem 1-2: Introduction to IT, Programming Fundamentals, Digital Principles, Mathematics for IT, Communication Skills.
Sem 3-4: Data Structures, Object-Oriented Programming, RDBMS, Operating System Concepts, Computer Networking.
Sem 5-6: Web Development, Software Engineering Principles, Information Security Basics, Electives (Cloud, Mobile App Dev basics), Project.
IT Support Specialist, Junior Software Developer, Web Developer, Junior Database Administrator, Network Technician, System Administrator (entry-level), QA Tester. Wide applicability across industries.
Entry-level IT roles: ₹2.2 Lakhs - ₹4.5 Lakhs per annum (₹18,000 - ₹38,000+ per month). Similar to B.Sc. CS.
3 years (6 Semesters)
Sem 1-2: Differential Calculus, Integral Calculus, Analytical Geometry, Algebra (Matrices, Theory of Equations).
Sem 3-4: Real Analysis, Abstract Algebra (Groups), Ordinary Differential Equations, Linear Algebra.
Sem 5-6: Abstract Algebra (Rings, Fields), Partial Differential Equations, Numerical Analysis, Electives (e.g., Complex Analysis, Mechanics, Statistics), Project (optional, university dependent).
Teaching (schools, colleges after M.Sc./Ph.D.), Research, Banking sector (analyst roles after specific exams/certifications), Actuarial science (requires further exams), Data analysis (with additional skills in programming/stats), IT sector (software development, testing if programming skills are acquired), Operations research, Government jobs (SSC, UPSC).
Teaching (School, entry): ₹25,000 - ₹40,000+ per month.
Analyst roles (with additional skills): ₹30,000 - ₹60,000+ per month.
Highly dependent on further specialization and acquired skills.
3 years (6 Semesters) + often a 6-month to 1-year internship.
Sem 1-2: Basic Anatomy & Physiology, General Biochemistry, Basic Lab Techniques, Introduction to Hematology & Microbiology.
Sem 3-4: Clinical Biochemistry, Clinical Pathology, Systematic Bacteriology, Immunology & Serology.
Sem 5-6: Histotechnology & Cytotechnology, Blood Banking, Advanced Diagnostic Microbiology, Lab Management, Project/Internship.
Medical Laboratory Technician/Technologist in hospitals, diagnostic labs, blood banks, public health laboratories, research institutions (assisting in lab work), pharmaceutical R&D labs.
Lab Technician (entry): ₹15,000 - ₹25,000+ per month.
Senior Technician/Supervisor (with experience): ₹25,000 - ₹40,000+ per month.
3 years (6 Semesters)
Sem 1-2: Introduction to Microbiology & Microbial Diversity, Cell Biology, Biochemistry basics, Basic techniques in Microbiology.
Sem 3-4: Microbial Physiology & Metabolism, Microbial Genetics, Bacteriology, Virology.
Sem 5-6: Immunology, Food & Industrial Microbiology, Environmental/Agricultural Microbiology, Medical Microbiology concepts, Recombinant DNA Technology (basics), Project.
Pharmaceutical industry (QC, R&D, production of antibiotics/vaccines), Food & beverage industry (QC, fermentation), Hospitals & diagnostic labs (as microbiologists), Agriculture sector (biofertilizers, biopesticides), Environmental agencies (bioremediation), Research institutions, Teaching.
Microbiologist/QC (entry): ₹18,000 - ₹30,000+ per month.
Research Assistant: ₹18,000 - ₹28,000+ per month.
M.Sc. Microbiology significantly enhances career prospects.
3 years (6 Semesters) + mandatory pre-sea and on-board training.
Sem 1-2: Mathematics, Physics, English, Introduction to Nautical Science, Basic Seamanship, Engineering Knowledge (Basic).
Sem 3-4: Terrestrial Navigation, Cargo Work I, Ship Stability I, Meteorology I, Bridge Equipment.
Sem 5-6: Celestial Navigation, Electronic Navigation Systems, Advanced Ship Stability & Construction, Cargo Work II, Maritime Law, Watchkeeping.
Followed by extensive on-board training to obtain Certificate of Competency (CoC).
Deck Officer (Navigating Officer) on merchant navy ships (cargo ships, tankers, container ships, cruise liners). Progression from Cadet to Third Officer, Second Officer, Chief Officer, and finally Captain (Master Mariner) with experience and further examinations.
Junior Officer (3rd/2nd Officer): ₹1.5 Lakhs - ₹4 Lakhs+ per month (tax-free for NRE if sailing >182 days).
Senior Officer/Captain: Can range from ₹5 Lakhs to ₹10 Lakhs+ per month. Highly lucrative but demanding.
4 years (8 Semesters) + often includes integrated internship/practical.
Year 1 (2 Sems): Anatomy, Physiology, Nutrition, Biochemistry, Nursing Foundations, Psychology, Microbiology.
Year 2 (2 Sems): Sociology, Medical-Surgical Nursing I, Pharmacology, Pathology & Genetics, Community Health Nursing I, Communication & Educational Technology.
Year 3 (2 Sems): Medical-Surgical Nursing II, Child Health Nursing, Mental Health Nursing, Midwifery & Obstetrical Nursing.
Year 4 (2 Sems): Midwifery & Obstetrical Nursing (contd.), Community Health Nursing II, Nursing Research & Statistics, Management of Nursing Services & Education, Internship/Practical.
Staff Nurse in hospitals (government/private), clinics, nursing homes, community health centers, industrial nurse, military nurse, school health nurse, teaching in nursing schools/colleges (after M.Sc. Nursing), flight nurse, cruise ship nurse. Specializations possible (ICU, OT, Cardiac, etc.).
Govt. Staff Nurse: ₹35,000 - ₹60,000+ per month (varies by state, central govt.).
Private Hospital Staff Nurse (entry): ₹18,000 - ₹30,000+ per month (can be higher in metro corporate hospitals).
Significant demand abroad with higher pay.
4 years (3 academic years + 1 year internship)
Year 1: Basic sciences (Anatomy, Physiology, Optics), Introduction to Optometry, Ocular Anatomy.
Year 2: Visual Optics, Ophthalmic Instruments, Pharmacology, Microbiology, Dispensing Optics.
Year 3: Contact Lenses, Binocular Vision, Low Vision, Pediatric Optometry, Systemic & Ocular Diseases, Community Optometry.
Year 4 (Internship): Clinical practice in various optometry and ophthalmology settings.
Optometrist in eye hospitals, private clinics, optical retail chains, lens manufacturing companies, research, teaching in optometry colleges, consultant for vision care products.
Optometrist (entry): ₹20,000 - ₹40,000+ per month.
With experience/in retail chains: Can earn more, including incentives.
3 years (6 Semesters) + usually a 1-year internship or integrated clinical training.
Sem 1-2: Anatomy, Physiology, Biochemistry, Basic Medical Sciences.
Sem 3-4: Pharmacology, Pathology, Introduction to Perfusion Technology, CPB equipment.
Sem 5-6: Advanced Perfusion Techniques, ECMO, IABP, Clinical Perfusion, Special considerations, Project/Internship.
Perfusionist in hospitals with cardiac surgery departments (operating heart-lung machines during open-heart surgeries), critical care units (managing ECMO, VADs), transplant centers.
Junior Perfusionist: ₹30,000 - ₹60,000+ per month.
Senior Perfusionist (with experience): ₹70,000 - ₹1,50,000+ per month. Niche and high-demand field.
3 years (6 Semesters)
Sem 1-2: Mechanics, Properties of Matter, Waves & Oscillations, Mathematical Physics I, Ancillary (Maths, Chemistry).
Sem 3-4: Thermal Physics, Electricity & Magnetism, Optics, Mathematical Physics II.
Sem 5-6: Modern Physics (Quantum, Atomic, Nuclear), Solid State Physics (intro), Electronics, Electives (e.g., Astrophysics, Biophysics), Project.
Research institutions (BARC, ISRO, TIFR, DRDO - as scientific assistant/officer after further qualifications/exams), Teaching (schools, colleges after M.Sc./Ph.D.), IT sector (with programming skills), Technical roles in industries involving instrumentation/optics/lasers, Scientific journalism, Analyst roles (with relevant skills).
Research Assistant/Lab roles: ₹18,000 - ₹30,000+ per month.
Scientific Officer (Govt., after M.Sc. & exams): ₹50,000 - ₹80,000+ per month.
Greatly enhanced by M.Sc./Ph.D. and specialized skills.
3 years (6 Semesters) + often a 6-month to 1-year internship.
Sem 1-2: Anatomy, Physiology, Basic Physics, Introduction to Radiography, Darkroom techniques.
Sem 3-4: Radiation Physics, Radiographic Positioning, X-ray Equipment, Contrast Media.
Sem 5-6: CT, MRI, Ultrasound principles & techniques, Radiation Safety, Quality Assurance, Patient Care, Project/Internship.
Radiographer/Radiologic Technologist in hospitals, diagnostic imaging centers, clinics. Can specialize in X-ray, CT, MRI, or Mammography. Application specialist for imaging equipment companies.
Radiographer (entry): ₹18,000 - ₹30,000+ per month.
With specialization (MRI/CT tech) & experience: ₹25,000 - ₹50,000+ per month.
3 years (6 Semesters)
Sem 1-2: Descriptive Statistics, Probability I, Calculus, Algebra (for Statistics).
Sem 3-4: Probability II, Statistical Methods (Correlation, Regression), Sampling Distributions, Statistical Inference I.
Sem 5-6: Applied Statistics (ANOVA, Design of Experiments, SQC), Operations Research, Electives (e.g., Econometrics, Stochastic Processes), Project using statistical software.
Data Analyst, Statistician in government departments (NSSO, CSO), research organizations (ICMR, ICAR), market research companies, financial institutions (banks, insurance), IT companies (data analytics wing), Quality control departments in industries, Actuarial science (with further exams).
Statistical Assistant/Analyst (entry): ₹25,000 - ₹45,000+ per month.
Indian Statistical Service (ISS - after UPSC exam): Very good salary & perks.
Data Analyst roles with programming skills can fetch higher.
3 years (6 Semesters)
Sem 1-2: Non-Chordates I & II, Cell Biology, Ancillary (Chemistry, Botany).
Sem 3-4: Chordates, Animal Physiology, Genetics, Developmental Biology.
Sem 5-6: Molecular Biology, Immunology, Ecology, Ethology, Evolution, Economic Zoology, Electives, Project.
Zoological Survey of India, Wildlife conservation organizations, Forest departments, Zoos & Aquariums, Animal Husbandry department (certain roles), Pest control companies, Research institutions, Teaching, Fisheries sector, Sericulture/Apiculture units.
Research/Field Assistant: ₹15,000 - ₹25,000+ per month.
Govt. roles (after specific exams): ₹30,000 - ₹50,000+ per month.
M.Sc. Zoology/Wildlife Biology/allied fields often required for better roles.
4 years (8 Semesters)
Sem 1-2: Common engineering foundation (Maths, Physics, Chemistry, Mechanics, Programming, Workshop).
Sem 3-4: Thermodynamics, Fluid Mechanics, Solid Mechanics, Aerodynamics I, Aircraft Structures I, Manufacturing Processes.
Sem 5-6: Aerodynamics II, Flight Mechanics I, Aircraft Propulsion I, Aircraft Structures II, Vibrations, Control Theory.
Sem 7-8: Flight Mechanics II, Aircraft Design, Aircraft Propulsion II, Electives (e.g., CFD, FEM, Avionics, Rocketry), Project Work.
Aerospace organizations (ISRO, DRDO, HAL, NAL), Airlines (maintenance, engineering), Aircraft manufacturing companies (e.g., Boeing, Airbus - global or their Indian R&D centers), Defence services (Air Force technical branch), Civil Aviation department, R&D labs, MRO (Maintenance, Repair, Overhaul) organizations.
Graduate Engineer Trainee (GET) in PSUs/Govt.: ₹50,000 - ₹80,000+ per month.
Private Sector (entry): ₹30,000 - ₹60,000+ per month. Can be higher in specialized R&D.
4 years (8 Semesters)
Sem 1-2: Basic Engineering Sciences, Introduction to Agricultural Engineering.
Sem 3-4: Engineering Mechanics, Thermodynamics, Soil Mechanics, Farm Power, Surveying.
Sem 5-6: Farm Machinery, Irrigation Engineering, Agricultural Process Engineering, Strength of Materials, Heat & Mass Transfer.
Sem 7-8: Drainage Engineering, Renewable Energy, Farm Structures, Post-Harvest Technology, Electives, Project.
Tractor & Farm Equipment manufacturing companies, Irrigation companies, Food processing industries, Government departments (Agriculture, Soil Conservation), Banks (as technical officers), Research (ICAR, SAUs), Entrepreneurship (custom hiring, micro-irrigation installation).
Govt. Sector/Banks: ₹40,000 - ₹70,000+ per month.
Private Sector (Tractor/Equipment companies): ₹25,000 - ₹50,000+ per month (entry).
4 years (8 Semesters)
Sem 1-2: Programming, Maths (Calculus, Linear Algebra), Digital Logic, Basic Electrical/Electronics.
Sem 3-4: Data Structures, Algorithms, Probability & Statistics, OOPs, Database Systems, Introduction to AI.
Sem 5-6: Machine Learning, Deep Learning, NLP, Computer Networks, Operating Systems.
Sem 7-8: Computer Vision, Big Data Analytics, Electives (e.g., Reinforcement Learning, Robotics, AI Ethics), Major Project.
AI Engineer, Machine Learning Engineer, Data Scientist, NLP Engineer, Computer Vision Engineer, Business Intelligence Developer, Research Scientist in AI. High demand in IT, e-commerce, finance, healthcare, automotive, and various other sectors.
Entry-level AI/ML Engineer: ₹5 Lakhs - ₹12 Lakhs+ per annum (₹40,000 - ₹1,00,000+ per month). Highly skill and company dependent.
4 years (8 Semesters)
Sem 1-2: Common Engineering Foundation.
Sem 3-4: Thermodynamics, Fluid Mechanics, Strength of Materials, Manufacturing Tech I, Kinematics of Machines.
Sem 5-6: IC Engines, Automotive Chassis, Automotive Transmission, Dynamics of Machines, Heat Transfer, Automotive Electrical Systems.
Sem 7-8: Vehicle Dynamics, Automotive Design, Automotive Pollution Control, Electives (e.g., Electric Vehicles, Vehicle Maintenance, CAE), Project.
Automobile manufacturing companies (OEMs like Maruti, Tata, Mahindra), Auto ancillary industries (component manufacturers), R&D centers, Service stations & Dealerships (technical roles), Transport corporations, Motor vehicle departments, Design & Testing firms.
Graduate Engineer Trainee (GET) in Manufacturing: ₹3.5 Lakhs - ₹7 Lakhs per annum (₹30,000 - ₹60,000+ per month).
R&D roles: Can be higher.
4 years (8 Semesters)
Sem 1-2: Basic Engineering, Introduction to BME, Engineering Chemistry & Physics.
Sem 3-4: Anatomy & Physiology, Circuits & Networks, Analog & Digital Electronics, Sensors & Transducers, Biomechanics.
Sem 5-6: Biomedical Instrumentation, Bio-signal Processing, Medical Imaging, Biomaterials, Microprocessors in Medicine.
Sem 7-8: Rehabilitation Engineering, Hospital Management, Electives (e.g., Tissue Engineering, AI in Healthcare), Project.
Hospitals (managing & maintaining medical equipment), Medical equipment manufacturing companies (R&D, sales, service), Diagnostic labs, Research institutions, Healthcare IT, Prosthetics & Orthotics companies.
Biomedical Engineer (Hospitals/Sales): ₹3 Lakhs - ₹6 Lakhs per annum (₹25,000 - ₹50,000+ per month).
R&D roles: Can be higher.
4 years (8 Semesters)
Sem 1-2: Basic Engineering, Chemistry, Biology for Engineers.
Sem 3-4: Biochemistry, Microbiology, Cell & Molecular Biology, Stoichiometry, Fluid Mechanics for Bioprocesses.
Sem 5-6: Heat & Mass Transfer in Bioprocesses, Bioreaction Engineering, Genetic Engineering, Immunology, Downstream Processing.
Sem 7-8: Bioinformatics, Plant/Animal Biotechnology, Electives (Food, Pharma, Environmental Biotech), Project.
Pharmaceutical industry, Biotech companies (vaccines, therapeutics, diagnostics, agri-biotech), Food processing industry, Breweries & Distilleries, Environmental sector (bioremediation), Research institutions, Contract Research Organizations (CROs).
Process Engineer/Research Associate: ₹3 Lakhs - ₹6 Lakhs per annum (₹25,000 - ₹50,000+ per month).
R&D roles in specialized areas can pay more.
4 years (8 Semesters)
Sem 1-2: Basic Engineering Sciences.
Sem 3-4: Material Science, Thermodynamics of Materials, Mineralogy, Introduction to Ceramic Materials, Particle Technology.
Sem 5-6: Whitewares, Refractories, Glass Technology, Ceramic Processing, Characterization Techniques, Phase Diagrams.
Sem 7-8: Electronic Ceramics, Bioceramics, Advanced Ceramics, Electives, Project.
Ceramic tile & sanitaryware industry, Refractory industry (steel, cement plants), Glass industry, Abrasives manufacturing, Electronic component manufacturers (insulators, capacitors), Research in materials science (DRDO, ISRO, BARC), Cement industry.
Production/Quality Engineer: ₹3 Lakhs - ₹6 Lakhs per annum (₹25,000 - ₹50,000+ per month).
R&D in specialized ceramics can be higher.
4 years (8 Semesters)
Sem 1-2: Basic Engineering Sciences, Engineering Drawing.
Sem 3-4: Process Calculations, Thermodynamics I, Fluid Mechanics, Mechanical Operations, Organic Chemistry.
Sem 5-6: Heat Transfer, Mass Transfer I, Chemical Reaction Engineering I, Thermodynamics II, Process Instrumentation.
Sem 7-8: Mass Transfer II, Chemical Reaction Engineering II, Process Control, Equipment Design, Plant Design & Economics, Electives, Project.
Chemical process industries (Petroleum refining, Petrochemicals, Fertilizers, Pharmaceuticals, Specialty chemicals, Polymers, Paints, Agrochemicals), FMCG companies (production), Design & Consultancy firms, R&D labs (CSIR labs), Environmental engineering firms, Software companies developing process simulation tools.
Graduate Engineer Trainee (GET) in PSUs/Core Companies: ₹4.5 Lakhs - ₹8 Lakhs+ per annum (₹38,000 - ₹70,000+ per month).
Private sector varies widely.
4 years (8 Semesters)
Sem 1-2: Basic Engineering, Engineering Drawing, Workshop.
Sem 3-4: Strength of Materials, Surveying, Fluid Mechanics, Building Materials, Engineering Geology.
Sem 5-6: Structural Analysis I, RCC Design I, Geotechnical Engineering I, Transportation Engineering I, Environmental Engineering I.
Sem 7-8: Structural Analysis II, Steel Design, RCC Design II, Geotechnical Engineering II, Construction Management, Electives, Project.
Construction companies (buildings, roads, bridges, dams), Infrastructure development firms, Government departments (PWD, CPWD, Railways, Irrigation, NHAI), Real estate developers, Consultancy firms (design, project management), Municipal corporations, Public sector undertakings (PSUs), Teaching & Research.
Site Engineer/Junior Design Engineer: ₹3 Lakhs - ₹6 Lakhs per annum (₹25,000 - ₹50,000+ per month).
Govt. (Assistant Engineer via exams): ₹50,000 - ₹80,000+ per month.
4 years (8 Semesters)
Sem 1-2: Basic Engineering, Programming I, Digital Electronics.
Sem 3-4: Data Structures, Computer Architecture, OOPs, Microprocessors, Discrete Mathematics.
Sem 5-6: Operating Systems, DBMS, Computer Networks, Software Engineering, Theory of Computation.
Sem 7-8: Compiler Design, Embedded Systems, Electives (AI, ML, IoT, Security), Project.
Software Developer/Engineer, Hardware Engineer (entry-level), Systems Engineer, Network Engineer, Database Administrator, Embedded Systems Developer, Firmware Engineer. Opportunities in IT companies, tech product companies, R&D, semiconductor industry.
Entry-level Software/Hardware Engineer: ₹4 Lakhs - ₹10 Lakhs+ per annum (₹33,000 - ₹80,000+ per month). Highly variable.
4 years (8 Semesters)
Sem 1-2: Programming Fundamentals, Mathematics (Calculus, Linear Algebra), Digital Logic, Basic Electrical/Electronics.
Sem 3-4: Data Structures, Algorithms, Object-Oriented Programming, Computer Organization, Discrete Structures, Database Systems.
Sem 5-6: Operating Systems, Computer Networks, Software Engineering, Theory of Computation, AI/ML fundamentals.
Sem 7-8: Compiler Design, Distributed Computing, Electives (Cybersecurity, Cloud, Advanced AI/ML, etc.), Major Project.
Software Engineer, Software Developer, Systems Analyst, Network Engineer, Database Administrator, Web Developer, AI/ML Engineer, Data Scientist, Cybersecurity Analyst, Cloud Engineer, Game Developer, IT Consultant. Vast opportunities across all industries.
Entry-level Software Engineer: ₹4 Lakhs - ₹15 Lakhs+ per annum (₹33,000 - ₹1,25,000+ per month). Top product companies and startups can offer significantly higher packages for skilled graduates from premier institutions.
4 years (8 Semesters)
Sem 1-2: Programming, Maths, Digital Logic, Introduction to Cybersecurity.
Sem 3-4: Data Structures, Operating Systems, Computer Networks, Basics of Cryptography.
Sem 5-6: Network Security, Web Security, Ethical Hacking, Information Security Management, Digital Forensics.
Sem 7-8: Malware Analysis, Cloud/IoT Security, Secure Coding, Electives, Capstone Project in Cybersecurity.
Cybersecurity Analyst, Security Engineer, Penetration Tester, Ethical Hacker, Security Consultant, Digital Forensics Investigator, Incident Responder, Security Operations Center (SOC) Analyst. High demand in IT companies, banks, e-commerce, government, defense.
Entry-level Cybersecurity Analyst: ₹4.5 Lakhs - ₹10 Lakhs+ per annum (₹38,000 - ₹80,000+ per month). Skill and certification dependent.
4 years (8 Semesters)
Sem 1-2: Basic Engineering, Programming, Engineering Drawing.
Sem 3-4: Circuit Theory, Analog Electronics, Digital Electronics, Electrical Machines I, Maths III.
Sem 5-6: Electrical Machines II, Power Systems I, Control Systems, Microprocessors, Power Electronics.
Sem 7-8: Power Systems II, VLSI Design, Electives (e.g., High Voltage Engg, Renewable Energy, Embedded Systems), Project.
Power generation, transmission & distribution companies, Electrical equipment manufacturing, Electronics industry, Automation industry, Renewable energy sector, Control & Instrumentation, Railways, Defence, IT companies (for embedded systems, hardware roles).
Graduate Engineer Trainee (GET) in PSUs/Core Companies: ₹4 Lakhs - ₹8 Lakhs per annum (₹33,000 - ₹70,000+ per month).
Private sector varies.
4 years (8 Semesters)
Sem 1-2: Basic Engineering, Programming.
Sem 3-4: Circuit Theory, Electrical Machines I, Analog & Digital Electronics (foundational), Field Theory.
Sem 5-6: Electrical Machines II, Power Systems I, Control Systems, Power Electronics, Measurements.
Sem 7-8: Power Systems II, High Voltage Engg, Utilization of Electrical Energy, Electives (e.g., Machine Design, Smart Grids), Project.
Primarily in the power sector (generation, transmission, distribution companies like NTPC, PowerGrid, State Electricity Boards), Heavy electrical equipment manufacturing (BHEL), Railways, Industrial automation, Renewable energy projects.
GET in PSUs/Core Electrical Companies: ₹4.5 Lakhs - ₹8 Lakhs+ per annum (₹38,000 - ₹70,000+ per month).
4 years (8 Semesters)
Sem 1-2: Basic Engineering, Programming, Basic Electrical Engg.
Sem 3-4: Analog Circuits, Digital Circuits, Signals & Systems, Network Analysis, Electronic Devices.
Sem 5-6: Analog Communication, Digital Communication, Microprocessors & Microcontrollers, EM Theory, Antennas.
Sem 7-8: VLSI Design, Digital Signal Processing, Embedded Systems, Electives (Wireless Comm, Optical Comm, IoT), Project.
Telecommunication companies (Airtel, Jio, Vodafone Idea), Electronics & semiconductor industry (Intel, Qualcomm, Texas Instruments), IT companies (hardware design, embedded systems, networking), Defence R&D (DRDO, BEL), ISRO, Consumer electronics, Broadcast industry, IoT & Automation.
Entry-level Engineer (Telecom/Hardware/Embedded): ₹3.5 Lakhs - ₹8 Lakhs+ per annum (₹30,000 - ₹70,000+ per month). Can be higher in top semiconductor/product companies.
4 years (8 Semesters)
Sem 1-2: Basic Engineering, Programming.
Sem 3-4: Analog Electronics, Digital Electronics, Signals & Systems, Electronic Devices, Network Theory.
Sem 5-6: Microprocessors, Control Systems, VLSI Design (intro), Power Electronics, Instrumentation.
Sem 7-8: Embedded Systems, Advanced VLSI, Electives (e.g., Robotics, Industrial Automation, AI in Electronics), Project.
Electronics design & manufacturing, Semiconductor industry, Embedded systems development, Industrial automation & control, Consumer electronics, Power electronics industry, R&D in electronics.
Electronics Engineer (Design/Embedded): ₹3.5 Lakhs - ₹7 Lakhs+ per annum (₹30,000 - ₹60,000+ per month).
4 years (8 Semesters)
Sem 1-2: Basic Engineering Sciences, Engineering Drawing.
Sem 3-4: Environmental Chemistry & Microbiology, Fluid Mechanics, Surveying, Strength of Materials (basics).
Sem 5-6: Water Supply Engg, Wastewater Engg, Air Pollution Control, Solid Waste Management.
Sem 7-8: Hazardous Waste Management, EIA, Industrial Waste Treatment, Electives, Project.
Environmental consultancies, Government pollution control boards (Central & State), Municipal corporations (water & waste management), Industries (EHS departments), Water & wastewater treatment plant design & operation, Waste management companies, NGOs, Research institutions.
Environmental Engineer (entry): ₹3 Lakhs - ₹6 Lakhs per annum (₹25,000 - ₹50,000+ per month).
Govt. roles (after exams): Good pay scales.
4 years (8 Semesters)
Sem 1-2: Basic Engineering Sciences, Introduction to Food Science & Technology.
Sem 3-4: Food Chemistry, Food Microbiology, Engineering Properties of Food Materials, Thermodynamics, Fluid Mechanics.
Sem 5-6: Unit Operations in Food Processing I & II, Heat Transfer, Technology of specific food groups (Cereals, Fruits & Veg).
Sem 7-8: Technology of other food groups (Milk, Meat), Food Packaging, Quality Control, Food Plant Design, Electives, Project.
Food processing industries (R&D, production, quality control), Food machinery manufacturing, Food ingredient companies, Regulatory bodies (FSSAI), Food research institutions, Supply chain & logistics for food products, Entrepreneurship in food sector, Food packaging industry.
Graduate Engineer Trainee (GET) in Food Industry: ₹3.5 Lakhs - ₹7 Lakhs per annum (₹30,000 - ₹60,000+ per month).
R&D/Specialized Roles: Can be higher, especially with M.Tech.
4 years (8 Semesters)
Sem 1-2: Basic Engineering, Chemistry, Biology for Engineers, Introduction to Genetics.
Sem 3-4: Cell Biology, Molecular Biology, Biochemistry, Microbiology, Biostatistics.
Sem 5-6: Recombinant DNA Technology, Immunology, Genomics, Plant Genetic Engineering, Bioprocess basics.
Sem 7-8: Animal Genetic Engineering, Proteomics, Bioinformatics, Gene Therapy concepts, Electives, Project.
Biotechnology companies (pharmaceuticals, agriculture, diagnostics), Research institutions (genetic research, drug discovery), Pharmaceutical industry (R&D), Genetic counseling centers (with further specialization), Forensic labs (DNA analysis), Food industry (GMO development). Often requires M.Tech/Ph.D. for advanced research roles.
Research Associate/Junior Scientist: ₹3.5 Lakhs - ₹7 Lakhs per annum (₹30,000 - ₹60,000+ per month).
Industry Roles (Biotech/Pharma): ₹4 Lakhs - ₹8 Lakhs per annum (entry).
4 years (8 Semesters)
Sem 1-2: Basic Engineering Sciences, Engineering Drawing, Workshop Practice.
Sem 3-4: Engineering Mechanics, Thermodynamics, Manufacturing Processes, Introduction to Industrial Engineering, Probability & Statistics.
Sem 5-6: Work Study, Operations Research I, Production Planning & Control, Quality Engineering, Ergonomics.
Sem 7-8: Operations Research II, Supply Chain Management, Facilities Planning, Electives (e.g., Automation, Project Management, Lean Manufacturing), Project.
Manufacturing industries (automotive, electronics, FMCG, textiles, etc.), IT & E-commerce (logistics, operations), Consulting firms, Supply chain & logistics companies, Banks & financial institutions (operations), Healthcare systems (process improvement), Service industries.
Industrial Engineer/Operations Analyst (entry): ₹4 Lakhs - ₹8 Lakhs per annum (₹33,000 - ₹70,000+ per month).
Consulting roles can be higher.
4 years (8 Semesters)
Sem 1-2: Basic Engineering, Programming Fundamentals, Digital Logic.
Sem 3-4: Data Structures, OOPs, Database Systems, Computer Organization, Discrete Maths.
Sem 5-6: Operating Systems, Computer Networks, Software Engineering, Web Technologies, Information Retrieval.
Sem 7-8: Data Mining, Cloud Computing, AI/ML, Electives, Project.
Software Developer, Data Analyst, Information Systems Manager, Database Administrator, Web Developer, IT Consultant, Business Analyst, Network Engineer. Broad applicability across industries. Very similar to CSE/IT career paths.
Entry-level Software Engineer/Analyst: ₹4 Lakhs - ₹12 Lakhs+ per annum (₹33,000 - ₹1,00,000+ per month). Highly dependent on skills and company.
4 years (8 Semesters)
Sem 1-2: Basic Engineering, Programming Fundamentals, Digital Systems, Maths.
Sem 3-4: Data Structures, OOPs, Database Management, Operating Systems, Computer Networks.
Sem 5-6: Software Engineering, Web Technologies, Information Security, Mobile Computing.
Sem 7-8: Cloud Computing, Big Data (intro), Electives (e.g., AI/ML basics, IoT, E-commerce), Major Project.
Software Developer, IT Support Engineer, Systems Administrator, Network Administrator, Web Developer, Database Administrator, IT Consultant, Cybersecurity Analyst (entry), Cloud Engineer (entry). Opportunities in IT service companies, product companies, MNCs, startups, government IT departments.
Entry-level IT Engineer: ₹3.5 Lakhs - ₹10 Lakhs+ per annum (₹30,000 - ₹80,000+ per month). Varies widely based on company and skills.
4 years (8 Semesters)
Sem 1-2: Basic Engineering, Electrical Circuits, Basic Electronics.
Sem 3-4: Sensors & Transducers, Measurement Techniques, Analog & Digital Electronics, Signals & Systems.
Sem 5-6: Control Systems, Process Control, Microprocessors, Industrial Instrumentation, Power Electronics.
Sem 7-8: PLCs & SCADA, Advanced Control Systems, Electives (Biomedical, Optical, Analytical Instrumentation), Project.
Process industries (Oil & Gas, Chemical, Power, Pharma, Food), Manufacturing automation, R&D organizations, Medical equipment companies, Aerospace & Defence (instrumentation roles), Instrumentation system design & integration companies.
Instrumentation/Control Engineer (entry): ₹3.5 Lakhs - ₹7 Lakhs per annum (₹30,000 - ₹60,000+ per month).
Core sector PSUs often offer good packages.
4 years (8 Semesters) + mandatory onboard training for CoC.
Sem 1-2: Basic Engineering, Workshop Technology, Engineering Drawing, Introduction to Marine Engineering.
Sem 3-4: Thermodynamics, Fluid Mechanics, Strength of Materials, Marine Boilers, Basic Electrical Engg.
Sem 5-6: Marine IC Engines, Auxiliary Machinery, Control Systems, Naval Architecture basics, Marine Electrical Machines.
Sem 7-8: Advanced Marine Engines, Ship Automation, Ship Operation & Management, Safety & Environment, Project. (Includes extensive workshop and simulator training).
Marine Engineer on Merchant Navy ships (responsible for operation and maintenance of all machinery). Progression from Junior Engineer to Fourth, Third, Second, and Chief Engineer with experience and CoC exams. Opportunities in shipping companies, shipyards, offshore oil & gas industry, maritime regulatory bodies, classification societies, power plants.
Junior Engineer Officer: ₹1.2 Lakhs - ₹3.5 Lakhs+ per month (tax-free for NRE if sailing >182 days).
Chief Engineer: Can range from ₹5 Lakhs to ₹10 Lakhs+ per month. Highly lucrative.
4 years (8 Semesters)
Sem 1-2: Basic Engineering Sciences, Introduction to Materials Science.
Sem 3-4: Thermodynamics of Materials, Structure of Materials, Mechanical Behavior, Electrical & Magnetic Properties.
Sem 5-6: Physical Metallurgy, Ceramic Materials, Polymer Materials, Phase Transformations, Materials Characterization.
Sem 7-8: Composite Materials, Corrosion, Materials Selection & Design, Electives (e.g., Nanomaterials, Biomaterials), Project.
Manufacturing industries (Automotive, Aerospace, Electronics, Steel, Consumer Goods), R&D institutions (DRDO, ISRO, CSIR labs), Semiconductor industry, Quality control & testing labs, Nanotechnology firms, Biomedical device companies (biomaterials focus).
Materials Engineer/Scientist (entry): ₹3.5 Lakhs - ₹7 Lakhs per annum (₹30,000 - ₹60,000+ per month).
R&D roles in specialized areas can be higher.
4 years (8 Semesters)
Sem 1-2: Basic Engineering Sciences, Engineering Drawing, Workshop Practice.
Sem 3-4: Strength of Materials, Thermodynamics, Fluid Mechanics, Manufacturing Processes I, Kinematics of Machines.
Sem 5-6: Machine Design I, Heat Transfer, Dynamics of Machines, IC Engines, Manufacturing Processes II.
Sem 7-8: Refrigeration & Air Conditioning, Power Plant Engineering, CAD/CAM, Electives (e.g., Robotics, FEA, Automobile Engg.), Project.
Manufacturing industries (Automobile, Aerospace, Heavy machinery, Consumer goods), Power sector, Oil & Gas, HVAC industry, Design & Consultancy firms, R&D organizations, Railways, Defence, Entrepreneurship (manufacturing units, workshops).
Graduate Engineer Trainee (GET) in Core Companies/PSUs: ₹4 Lakhs - ₹8 Lakhs+ per annum (₹33,000 - ₹70,000+ per month).
Design and R&D roles can be higher.
4 years (8 Semesters)
Sem 1-2: Basic Engineering, Programming, Basic Electrical & Mechanical Concepts.
Sem 3-4: Strength of Materials, Analog & Digital Electronics, Thermodynamics, Data Structures, Sensors & Actuators.
Sem 5-6: Control Systems, Microprocessors & Microcontrollers, Machine Design, Robotics I, PLCs.
Sem 7-8: Robotics II, Industrial Automation, Embedded Systems, AI for Mechatronics, Electives, Project.
Automation industry, Robotics companies, Manufacturing sector (automated production lines), Automotive industry (vehicle automation), Aerospace & Defence (unmanned systems), Consumer electronics, R&D in automation & robotics, System integration firms.
Mechatronics/Automation Engineer (entry): ₹4 Lakhs - ₹8 Lakhs per annum (₹33,000 - ₹70,000+ per month).
Specialized robotics roles can be higher.
4 years (8 Semesters)
Sem 1-2: Basic Engineering Sciences, Introduction to Metallurgy.
Sem 3-4: Thermodynamics of Materials, Physical Metallurgy I, Mineral Processing, Electrical & Electronic Materials.
Sem 5-6: Iron & Steel Making, Mechanical Metallurgy, Heat Treatment, Extractive Metallurgy of Non-ferrous Metals, Casting & Welding.
Sem 7-8: Corrosion Engineering, Powder Metallurgy, Alloy Design, Electives (e.g., Composites, Ceramics, NDT), Project.
Steel plants (SAIL, Tata Steel, JSW), Non-ferrous metal industries (Hindalco, Vedanta), Automotive & Aerospace industries (materials selection, failure analysis), Foundries & Forging units, Welding industry, R&D institutions, Quality control & testing labs, Heat treatment shops.
Metallurgist/Materials Engineer (entry in core sector): ₹4 Lakhs - ₹7 Lakhs per annum (₹33,000 - ₹60,000+ per month).
PSUs often offer good packages.
4 years (8 Semesters)
Sem 1-2: Basic Engineering, Introduction to Mining, Engineering Geology.
Sem 3-4: Mine Surveying I, Mining Geology, Strength of Materials, Fluid Mechanics, Thermodynamics.
Sem 5-6: Surface Mining, Underground Coal Mining, Rock Mechanics, Mine Ventilation, Mine Machinery I.
Sem 7-8: Underground Metal Mining, Mineral Processing, Mine Environment & Safety, Mine Planning, Electives, Project. (Includes mine visits and training).
Coal India Ltd. (CIL) & its subsidiaries, Metal mining companies (e.g., Hindustan Zinc, NMDC), Cement industry (limestone mines), Private mining contractors, Directorate General of Mines Safety (DGMS), Indian Bureau of Mines (IBM), Mining equipment manufacturers, Consultancy firms, Research in mining technology.
Mining Engineer (entry in PSUs/Large Companies): ₹5 Lakhs - ₹10 Lakhs+ per annum (₹40,000 - ₹80,000+ per month). Can be higher with experience and statutory certifications.
4 years (8 Semesters)
Sem 1-2: Basic Engineering, Physics, Chemistry, Maths, Introduction to Nanotechnology.
Sem 3-4: Quantum Mechanics, Solid State Physics, Thermodynamics of Materials, Chemistry of Nanomaterials.
Sem 5-6: Synthesis of Nanomaterials, Characterization Techniques, Nanoscale Electronics, Nanobiotechnology.
Sem 7-8: Nanocomposites, Computational Nanotechnology, MEMS/NEMS, Electives (Applications, Safety & Ethics), Project.
R&D institutions (CSIR labs, DRDO, ISRO, Universities), Semiconductor & electronics industry, Pharmaceutical & biotech companies (drug delivery, diagnostics), Materials science companies, Energy sector (solar cells, batteries), Environmental sector (nanosensors, remediation). Highly research-oriented; M.Tech/Ph.D. often required for advanced roles.
Research Associate/Junior Scientist (entry): ₹4 Lakhs - ₹8 Lakhs per annum (₹33,000 - ₹70,000+ per month).
Industry roles in specialized areas can be higher.
4 years (8 Semesters)
Sem 1-2: Basic Engineering, Physics, Chemistry, Maths, Introduction to Nuclear Science.
Sem 3-4: Nuclear Physics, Thermodynamics, Fluid Mechanics, Radiation Detection, Reactor Physics I.
Sem 5-6: Reactor Physics II, Nuclear Power Plant Systems, Heat Transfer in Reactors, Nuclear Materials, Radiation Shielding.
Sem 7-8: Reactor Safety, Nuclear Fuel Cycle, Electives (e.g., Fusion Technology, Medical Applications), Project.
Nuclear Power Corporation of India Ltd. (NPCIL), Bhabha Atomic Research Centre (BARC) & other DAE units, Atomic Energy Regulatory Board (AERB), Research institutions (IGCAR, RRCAT), Companies involved in nuclear plant construction & equipment supply, Medical field (radiotherapy, imaging - with further specialization).
Scientific Officer/Engineer in DAE units (after training school): ₹7 Lakhs - ₹12 Lakhs+ per annum (₹60,000 - ₹1,00,000+ per month).
Highly specialized and often government-centric roles.
4 years (8 Semesters)
Sem 1-2: Basic Engineering, Geology, Chemistry, Physics.
Sem 3-4: Thermodynamics, Fluid Mechanics, Strength of Materials, Petroleum Geology, Drilling Fluids & Cementing.
Sem 5-6: Drilling Engineering, Reservoir Engineering I, Production Engineering I, Well Logging.
Sem 7-8: Reservoir Engineering II, Production Engineering II, Offshore Technology, HSE, Petroleum Economics, Electives, Project.
Oil & Natural Gas Corporation (ONGC), Oil India Ltd. (OIL), Private E&P companies (Reliance, Cairn), Oilfield service companies (Schlumberger, Halliburton, Baker Hughes), Refineries (IOCL, BPCL, HPCL), Petrochemical plants, Pipeline companies, Regulatory bodies (DGH).
Petroleum Engineer (entry in PSUs/MNCs): ₹6 Lakhs - ₹15 Lakhs+ per annum (₹50,000 - ₹1,25,000+ per month). Offshore roles often pay more.
4 years (8 Semesters)
Sem 1-2: Basic Engineering, Chemistry, Introduction to Polymers.
Sem 3-4: Polymer Chemistry, Thermodynamics, Fluid Mechanics, Strength of Materials, Polymer Physics.
Sem 5-6: Plastic Processing I (Molding, Extrusion), Mold Design I, Polymer Testing, Polymer Blends & Composites.
Sem 7-8: Plastic Processing II, Product Design, Recycling Technology, Specialty Polymers, Electives, Project.
Plastic manufacturing industries (Automotive components, Packaging, Consumer goods, Pipes, Household items), Mold making industry, Polymer raw material producers, R&D in plastics, Plastic testing laboratories, Companies involved in plastic recycling.
Plastics/Polymer Engineer (entry): ₹3 Lakhs - ₹6 Lakhs per annum (₹25,000 - ₹50,000+ per month).
Roles in R&D or specialized processing can be higher.
4 years (8 Semesters)
Sem 1-2: Basic Engineering, Chemistry, Physics, Introduction to Polymer Science.
Sem 3-4: Polymer Chemistry, Polymer Physics, Thermodynamics, Fluid Mechanics, Strength of Materials.
Sem 5-6: Polymer Processing, Polymer Characterization, Elastomer Technology, Polymer Blends & Composites.
Sem 7-8: Fiber Technology, Adhesives & Coatings, Biopolymers, Product Design, Electives, Project.
Polymer manufacturing industries (Plastics, Rubbers, Fibers, Paints, Adhesives), Automotive, Aerospace, Packaging, Consumer goods, Textile industry, R&D institutions (e.g., CIPET), Polymer testing labs.
Polymer Engineer (entry): ₹3.5 Lakhs - ₹7 Lakhs per annum (₹30,000 - ₹60,000+ per month).
4 years (8 Semesters)
Sem 1-2: Basic Engineering, Engineering Drawing, Workshop.
Sem 3-4: Strength of Materials, Thermodynamics, Manufacturing Processes I, Fluid Mechanics, Kinematics of Machines.
Sem 5-6: Manufacturing Processes II, Machine Tool Technology, Metrology & Quality Control, Industrial Engineering, CAD/CAM.
Sem 7-8: Tool Design, CNC Technology & Automation, Production Management, Electives (e.g., Robotics, Supply Chain), Project.
Manufacturing industries (Automobile, Machinery, Defence production, Consumer durables), Tool rooms, Production planning & control departments, Quality assurance departments, Industrial engineering roles, Supply chain & operations roles.
Production Engineer (entry): ₹3.5 Lakhs - ₹7 Lakhs per annum (₹30,000 - ₹60,000+ per month).
4 years (8 Semesters)
Sem 1-2: Basic Engineering, Programming, Basic Electronics & Mechanics.
Sem 3-4: Data Structures, Analog & Digital Electronics, Mechanics of Solids, Control Systems I, Introduction to Robotics.
Sem 5-6: Robot Kinematics & Dynamics, Sensors & Actuators, Microcontrollers, AI fundamentals, Machine Vision.
Sem 7-8: Mobile Robotics, Industrial Automation, Embedded Systems for Robotics, ROS, Electives, Major Project.
Robotics manufacturing companies, Industrial automation sector, R&D in robotics & AI, Automotive industry (automated assembly), Aerospace & Defence (drones, unmanned vehicles), Healthcare (surgical robots, assistive devices), E-commerce & Logistics (warehouse automation), Startups in robotics.
Robotics Engineer (entry): ₹4.5 Lakhs - ₹10 Lakhs+ per annum (₹38,000 - ₹80,000+ per month). Highly skill-dependent.
4 years (8 Semesters)
Sem 1-2: Basic Engineering, Programming Fundamentals, Discrete Maths.
Sem 3-4: Data Structures, OOPs, Database Systems, Introduction to Software Engineering, Computer Organization.
Sem 5-6: Software Requirements & Design, Software Testing, Web Technologies, Operating Systems, Computer Networks.
Sem 7-8: Software Project Management, Software Architecture, Electives (e.g., DevOps, Cloud, Mobile Dev), Major Project focused on software development.
Software Engineer, Software Developer, Application Developer, Systems Analyst, Software Tester/QA Engineer, Project Lead/Manager (with experience), UI/UX Developer (with specific skills), DevOps Engineer (entry). Opportunities in IT product & service companies, MNCs, startups.
Software Engineer (entry): ₹4 Lakhs - ₹15 Lakhs+ per annum (₹33,000 - ₹1,25,000+ per month). Very similar to CSE, highly dependent on skills and company.
5 years (10 Semesters, including practical training/thesis)
Sem 1-2: Basic Design, Architectural Graphics, Introduction to Construction & Materials, History of Early Architecture.
Sem 3-4: Architectural Design Studio I & II, Building Construction II, Theory of Structures I, History of Medieval/Indian Architecture, Climatology.
Sem 5-6: Architectural Design Studio III & IV, Advanced Construction, Structural Design, History of Modern Architecture, Building Services I.
Sem 7-8: Architectural Design Studio V (often focusing on urban context/larger scale), Urban Design, Landscape Design, Professional Practice, Building Services II. (One semester often dedicated to Practical Training in an architectural firm).
Sem 9-10: Architectural Design Thesis (Major design project), Advanced electives, Research methodologies.
Architect in private practice, Architectural firms, Government departments (PWD, CPWD, Housing Boards, Town Planning), Real estate developers, Construction companies (design wing), Interior Designer, Urban Planner (with further specialization), Landscape Architect (with further specialization), Architectural journalism, Academics.
Junior Architect (entry): ₹2.5 Lakhs - ₹5 Lakhs per annum (₹20,000 - ₹40,000+ per month).
Established Private Practice: Highly variable, can be very lucrative.
4 years (8 Semesters)
Sem 1-2: Human Anatomy & Physiology, Pharmaceutical Inorganic Chemistry, Pharmaceutics I (Intro), Remedial Biology/Maths.
Sem 3-4: Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry I & II, Physical Pharmaceutics, Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Pathophysiology.
Sem 5-6: Medicinal Chemistry I, Pharmacology I, Pharmacognosy I, Pharmaceutics (Dosage Forms), Pharmaceutical Engineering.
Sem 7-8: Medicinal Chemistry II, Pharmacology II, Pharmaceutical Analysis, Biopharmaceutics, Hospital Pharmacy, Electives, Project.
Pharmacist in retail/hospital pharmacies, Pharmaceutical industry (Production, QA/QC, R&D, Regulatory Affairs, Sales & Marketing - Medical Representative), Drug Inspector (after government exams), Clinical research organizations, Analytical testing labs, Academics (after M.Pharm/Ph.D.).
Pharmacist (Retail/Hospital): ₹1.8 Lakhs - ₹3.5 Lakhs per annum (₹15,000 - ₹30,000+ per month).
Pharmaceutical Industry (entry, e.g., MR, Production): ₹2.5 Lakhs - ₹5 Lakhs per annum.
Drug Inspector: Good government pay scales.
3 or 4 years (6 or 8 Semesters, varies by university & specialization)
Year 1 (Foundation): Drawing, 2D & 3D Design, Color Theory, Basic Art History, Introduction to various specializations.
Year 2 onwards (Specialization): Intensive studio work in chosen field (e.g., Painting, Sculpture), advanced techniques, history relevant to specialization, electives from other fine art areas, development of personal style.
Final Year: Major project/exhibition, portfolio development, dissertation/thesis (sometimes).
Freelance Artist (Painter, Sculptor, Illustrator), Graphic Designer, Commercial Artist in advertising agencies, Animator, Art Teacher/Professor, Art Critic/Curator, Museum/Gallery professional, Textile Designer, Ceramist, Printmaker, Art Restorer, Set Designer.
Freelance Artist: Highly variable, depends on sales, commissions, reputation.
Graphic Designer (entry): ₹2 Lakhs - ₹4.5 Lakhs per annum (₹18,000 - ₹38,000+ per month).
Teaching/Academic Roles: As per institutional norms, often requires MFA.
4 years (8 Semesters)
Sem 1-2 (Foundation): Design basics, Drawing, Materials, Design Process, Introduction to various design streams.
Sem 3-6 (Specialization): Core subjects of chosen specialization, software training, studio projects, workshops, industry exposure.
Sem 7-8: Advanced projects, Internship, Graduation project/thesis, Portfolio development.
Fashion Designer, Product Designer, Interior Designer, Graphic Designer, Animator, UI/UX Designer, Textile Designer, Accessory Designer, Design Consultant, Design Educator. Opportunities in design studios, corporate design departments, export houses, retail, advertising, media & entertainment.
Junior Designer (entry): ₹3 Lakhs - ₹7 Lakhs per annum (₹25,000 - ₹60,000+ per month). Varies greatly by specialization, institute, and company.
Top NID/NIFT graduates often command higher salaries.
3 years (6 Semesters)
Sem 1-2: Principles of Microeconomics I, Principles of Macroeconomics I, Mathematical Methods for Economics I, Ancillary subjects (e.g., Political Science, History).
Sem 3-4: Microeconomics II, Macroeconomics II, Statistical Methods for Economics, Indian Economy I.
Sem 5-6: Development Economics, International Economics, Public Finance, Electives (e.g., Econometrics, Money & Banking), Project (sometimes).
Economic Analyst (entry-level), Market Researcher, Data Analyst (with statistical skills), Banking sector (PO, clerk exams), Financial Analyst (with further certifications/MBA), Civil Services (UPSC, State PSCs), Journalism (economic reporting), Academics & Research (after MA/Ph.D.), Policy research organizations, NGOs.
Entry-level Analyst/Researcher: ₹2.5 Lakhs - ₹5 Lakhs per annum (₹20,000 - ₹40,000+ per month).
Greatly enhanced by MA Economics from a good institution or an MBA.
3 years (6 Semesters)
Sem 1-2: Introduction to Literature, Early English Literature (Chaucer, Elizabethan), Indian Classical Literature/European Classical Lit, Ancillary.
Sem 3-4: Shakespeare, 17th & 18th Century Literature (Poetry, Drama, Novel), American Literature I.
Sem 5-6: Romantic & Victorian Literature, 20th Century Literature, Literary Criticism, Indian Writing in English/Postcolonial Lit, Electives.
Content Writer/Editor, Copywriter, Journalist, Public Relations, Teaching (schools, colleges after MA/B.Ed/NET), Civil Services, Publishing houses, Corporate Communications, Scriptwriting, Translation, Soft Skills Trainer. Many pursue MA in English or specialized diplomas.
Content Writer/Editor (entry): ₹2 Lakhs - ₹4.5 Lakhs per annum (₹18,000 - ₹38,000+ per month).
Teaching (School, entry): ₹2.5 Lakhs - ₹4 Lakhs per annum.
3 years (6 Semesters)
Sem 1-2: History of India (Ancient), Early World Civilizations, Ancillary subjects.
Sem 3-4: History of India (Medieval), History of Europe (Medieval/Early Modern), Historiography basics.
Sem 5-6: History of India (Modern & Contemporary), Modern World History, Electives (e.g., Archaeology, Regional History), Project (sometimes).
Archaeologist/Museologist (with MA & further specialization), Archivist, Heritage Management, Teaching (schools, colleges after MA/B.Ed/NET), Civil Services, Journalism (historical features), Research, Tourism industry (historical guide), Policy analysis (historical context).
Research Assistant/Archivist (entry): ₹2 Lakhs - ₹4 Lakhs per annum (₹18,000 - ₹35,000+ per month).
Govt. roles (Archaeology, Museums after exams): Good pay scales.
3 years (6 Semesters)
Sem 1-2: Introduction to Communication & Journalism, History of Media, Basic Writing Skills, Current Affairs.
Sem 3-4: Reporting & Editing, Media Laws, Introduction to Advertising & PR, Radio/TV Production basics.
Sem 5-6: New Media Journalism, Development Communication, Media Management, Electives (Film, Photo), Internship/Project.
Journalist/Reporter, Sub-Editor, Content Writer, Copywriter, Public Relations Officer, Advertising Executive, Corporate Communications, Social Media Manager, Radio Jockey, TV Anchor/Producer (entry roles), Media Researcher, Event Manager.
Junior Journalist/Content Writer (entry): ₹2.5 Lakhs - ₹5 Lakhs per annum (₹20,000 - ₹40,000+ per month).
Varies greatly by media house and role.
3 years (6 Semesters)
Sem 1-2: Introduction to Political Theory, Indian Government & Politics I, Ancillary subjects.
Sem 3-4: Western Political Thought, Comparative Government & Politics, Public Administration.
Sem 5-6: International Relations, Indian Political Thought, Electives (e.g., Indian Foreign Policy, Public Policy), Project (sometimes).
Civil Services (UPSC, State PSCs), Political Analyst/Consultant, Policy Researcher, Journalism (political reporting), Teaching (schools, colleges after MA/NET), Social Activism, NGOs, Election Campaign Management, Legislative Assistant.
Research Assistant/Analyst (entry): ₹2.5 Lakhs - ₹5 Lakhs per annum (₹20,000 - ₹40,000+ per month).
Civil services offer excellent pay and perks.
3 years (6 Semesters)
Sem 1-2: Introduction to Psychology, Biopsychology, Basic Statistics, Ancillary subjects.
Sem 3-4: Cognitive Psychology, Developmental Psychology, Social Psychology, Research Methods.
Sem 5-6: Abnormal Psychology, Psychological Testing, Electives (e.g., Counseling, Industrial, Clinical basics), Project/Practicals.
Counselor (school, career - often requires MA/Diploma), HR Executive (entry-level), Market Researcher, Social Worker, Special Educator (with B.Ed in Special Ed.), Researcher. Most professional psychology roles (Clinical Psychologist, Counseling Psychologist) require MA/M.Phil/Ph.D. and RCI registration.
Entry-level (e.g., Assistant Counselor, HR trainee): ₹2 Lakhs - ₹4 Lakhs per annum (₹18,000 - ₹35,000+ per month).
Licensed Psychologists with higher degrees earn significantly more.
3 years (6 Semesters)
Sem 1-2: Introduction to Sociology, Indian Society I, Ancillary subjects.
Sem 3-4: Sociological Thinkers, Social Stratification, Research Methods.
Sem 5-6: Social Change, Rural/Urban Sociology, Electives (e.g., Gender, Criminology), Project (sometimes).
Social Worker, Researcher in social organizations/NGOs, Policy Analyst, Development sector professional, Civil Services, Journalism (social issues), Market Researcher (qualitative), HR (community relations), Teaching (after MA/NET).
Social Worker/Researcher (entry): ₹2 Lakhs - ₹4.5 Lakhs per annum (₹18,000 - ₹38,000+ per month).
Development sector roles can vary widely.
3 years (6 Semesters)
Sem 1-2: Principles of Management, Business Economics I, Financial Accounting, Business Communication, Business Maths/Stats.
Sem 3-4: Organizational Behavior, Marketing Management, Human Resource Management, Business Economics II, Management Accounting.
Sem 5-6: Financial Management, Operations Management, Business Law, Elective specialization subjects, Project/Internship.
Management Trainee in various sectors (Banking, Retail, FMCG, IT, Manufacturing), HR Executive, Marketing Executive, Sales Executive, Business Development Executive, Operations Executive, Customer Relationship Manager, Entrepreneur. Foundation for MBA.
Management Trainee/Executive (entry): ₹2.5 Lakhs - ₹5 Lakhs per annum (₹20,000 - ₹40,000+ per month).
Salaries significantly increase after an MBA from a reputed institution.
3 years (6 Semesters)
Sem 1-2: Financial Accounting I, Business Law, Microeconomics, Business Organisation & Management, Language.
Sem 3-4: Corporate Accounting, Company Law, Macroeconomics, Business Statistics, Income Tax.
Sem 5-6: Cost Accounting, Management Accounting, Auditing, Electives (e.g., Financial Markets, Indirect Taxes), Project (sometimes).
Accountant, Auditor (junior roles), Tax Consultant (assistant), Banking sector (Clerk, PO exams), Financial Analyst (entry), Stockbroking firms, Insurance sector, E-commerce operations, Government jobs (SSC CGL, etc.). Foundation for CA, CS, CMA, MBA (Finance), M.Com.
Accountant/Junior Analyst (entry): ₹2 Lakhs - ₹4.5 Lakhs per annum (₹18,000 - ₹38,000+ per month).
Professional certifications (CA, etc.) significantly increase earning potential.
3 or 4 years (6 or 8 Semesters, 4-year courses often more comprehensive)
Sem 1-2: Basic Food Production, Basic F&B Service, Intro to Front Office & Housekeeping, Communication.
Sem 3-4: Advanced Food Production, Advanced F&B Service, Front Office Ops, Housekeeping Ops, Hotel Accounting.
Sem 5: Industrial Training.
Sem 6-7: Specialization in core departments, Hotel Law, Marketing, HRM, Facility Planning.
Sem 8: Advanced Management topics, Project work, Entrepreneurship.
Management Trainee in Hotels (Front Office, Housekeeping, F&B, Kitchen), Restaurants, Cruise Lines, Airlines (Cabin Crew, Ground Staff), Event Management companies, Catering companies, Retail sector (customer service), Tourism industry, Entrepreneurship (restaurants, cafes, guest houses).
Management Trainee/Associate (entry in star hotels): ₹2.5 Lakhs - ₹4.5 Lakhs per annum (₹20,000 - ₹38,000+ per month).
Salaries can grow well with experience and moving to international chains or cruise lines.
3 years (6 Semesters) - *This is a postgraduate degree taken after a Bachelor's degree in any other stream.* (The prompt also lists integrated LLB, which are 5-year undergraduate degrees).
Sem 1-2: Law of Contract, Law of Torts, Family Law I, Constitutional Law I, Legal Methods/Language.
Sem 3-4: Criminal Law (IPC), Family Law II, Constitutional Law II, Property Law, Jurisprudence.
Sem 5-6: CPC, CrPC, Evidence Law, Company Law, Administrative Law, Electives (e.g., IPR, Tax, Labour Law), Practical Training papers (Drafting, Moot Court).
Advocate/Lawyer (Litigation in courts), Legal Advisor/Consultant for companies, Law firms (Associate), Judiciary (after clearing judicial services exams), Public Prosecutor, Government Advocate, In-house counsel for corporations, Legal Process Outsourcing (LPO), Academics (after LLM/Ph.D./NET), NGOs, Legal journalism.
Junior Advocate (starting litigation): Highly variable, can be low initially (₹10,000 - ₹30,000+ per month), depends on senior and location.
Law Firm Associate (entry): ₹3 Lakhs - ₹8 Lakhs+ per annum (Tier-1 firms pay much higher).
Judicial Services: Good government pay scales & perks.
5 years (10 Semesters) - Undergraduate Law Degree
Sem 1-4: Mix of B.A. subjects (e.g., English, Political Science I & II, Economics I & II, Sociology I & II) and foundational law subjects (e.g., Legal Methods, Law of Torts, Contract I).
Sem 5-6: Fewer B.A. subjects, more core law subjects (e.g., Constitutional Law, Criminal Law, Family Law).
Sem 7-10: Predominantly law subjects, including procedural laws, electives, clinical legal education (moot courts, drafting), and dissertation/research project.
Same as 3-year LLB: Advocate/Lawyer, Legal Advisor, Law firms, Judiciary, Public Prosecutor, In-house counsel, LPO, Academics, etc. Graduates are often preferred by corporate law firms due to broader education and earlier start.
Law Firm Associate (entry from NLUs/top colleges): ₹6 Lakhs - ₹18 Lakhs+ per annum.
Other roles: Similar to 3-year LLB, but potentially better entry points due to integrated nature.
5 years (10 Semesters) - Undergraduate Law Degree
Sem 1-4: Mix of B.Sc. subjects (e.g., Chemistry I & II, Physics I & II, Biology/Maths I & II) and foundational law subjects.
Sem 5-6: More specialized science subjects (e.g., Forensic Science, Environmental Science) and more core law subjects.
Sem 7-10: Predominantly law subjects, with a focus on techno-legal electives, clinical legal education, and dissertation (often on a techno-legal topic).
Same as other LLB degrees, but with an edge in: Patent Law, IPR Law firms, Environmental Law, Cyber Law, Medico-legal cases, Forensic consultancies, Scientific regulatory bodies, Technology law firms.
Law Firm Associate (especially in IPR/Tech Law): ₹7 Lakhs - ₹20 Lakhs+ per annum for graduates from top NLUs/specialized programs.
Other roles similar to general LLB graduates.
5 years (10 Semesters) - Undergraduate Law Degree
Sem 1-4: Mix of B.Com subjects (e.g., Accounting I & II, Economics I & II, Business Org.) and foundational law subjects.
Sem 5-6: More advanced commerce subjects (e.g., Corporate Accounting, Taxation basics) and more core law subjects.
Sem 7-10: Predominantly law subjects, with a focus on corporate/commercial law electives, clinical legal education, and dissertation (often on a corporate/commercial law topic).
Same as other LLB degrees, but highly preferred for: Corporate Law Firms, In-house legal departments of companies, Taxation Law, Banking & Finance Law, Mergers & Acquisitions, SEBI, Competition Commission, Insolvency Professional.
Corporate Law Firm Associate (entry from NLUs/top colleges): ₹8 Lakhs - ₹20 Lakhs+ per annum.
Other roles similar to general LLB graduates, with a strong leaning towards corporate sector.
2 years (4 Semesters) - *Professional degree for teaching in secondary & higher secondary schools, taken after Bachelor's or Master's degree.*
Sem 1: Childhood & Growing Up, Contemporary India & Education, Language Across Curriculum, Understanding Disciplines.
Sem 2: Learning & Teaching, Pedagogy of School Subject I, Pedagogy of School Subject II, Knowledge & Curriculum.
Sem 3: Assessment for Learning, Creating an Inclusive School, Gender, School & Society, School Internship (major component).
Sem 4: Optional Courses (e.g., Guidance & Counseling, Value Education, Environmental Ed.), Reading & Reflecting on Texts, Drama & Art in Education, Understanding the Self.
Teacher in government or private secondary & higher secondary schools (TGT/PGT after clearing TET/CTET/State specific tests), Educational Administrator, Curriculum Developer, Content Writer (educational materials), Online Tutor, Educational Consultant, Special Educator (if specialized).
Govt. School Teacher (TGT/PGT): ₹45,000 - ₹70,000+ per month (varies by state).
Private School Teacher (entry): ₹20,000 - ₹40,000+ per month (varies by school reputation & location).
2 years (4 Semesters or annual system) - *Professional qualification for teaching in primary & upper primary schools.*
Year 1 / Sem 1-2: Child Development, Education & Society, Pedagogy of Language & Maths, EVS Pedagogy, Art & Health Ed.
Year 2 / Sem 3-4: Pedagogy of Social Studies/Science, Classroom Management & Assessment, ICT, Inclusive Education, School Internship.
Teacher in government or private primary & upper primary schools (PRT after clearing TET/CTET/State specific tests), Assistant Teacher, Pre-primary teacher, Anganwadi supervisor (sometimes), Educational content creator for young children.
Govt. Primary Teacher (PRT): ₹35,000 - ₹60,000+ per month (varies by state).
Private Primary Teacher (entry): ₹15,000 - ₹30,000+ per month.
3 years (6 Semesters)
Sem 1-2: Introduction to Communication, History of Media, Basics of Reporting & Writing, Current Affairs.
Sem 3-4: Print Journalism (Reporting & Editing), Intro to Radio & TV, Media Laws, Advertising.
Sem 5-6: Online Journalism, Public Relations, Development Communication, Electives (e.g., Photojournalism, Film Appreciation), Internship & Project.
Journalist/Reporter (Print, TV, Online), Sub-Editor, Content Writer/Editor, Copywriter, Public Relations Officer, Advertising Executive, Corporate Communicator, Social Media Manager, Radio Jockey/Producer, TV Anchor/Producer (entry roles), Media Researcher, Event Coordinator.
Junior Journalist/Content Executive (entry): ₹2.5 Lakhs - ₹5 Lakhs per annum (₹20,000 - ₹40,000+ per month).
Highly variable based on media organization, location, and specific role.
4 years (8 Semesters) - *More focused on the technical aspects of apparel manufacturing than B.Des in Fashion Design.*
Sem 1-2: Basic Design elements, Introduction to Textiles, Basic Pattern Making & Sewing, Maths & Stats.
Sem 3-4: Advanced Pattern Making, Garment Construction Techniques, Textile Testing, CAD for Fashion.
Sem 5-6: Apparel Manufacturing Processes, Quality Control, Industrial Engineering, Merchandising, Knitwear.
Sem 7-8: Supply Chain Management, Advanced Manufacturing Tech, Electives, Major Project/Internship.
Apparel Production Manager, Merchandiser, Quality Assurance Manager, Industrial Engineer (in apparel units), CAD Specialist, Pattern Master (industrial), Sourcing Manager, Supply Chain Executive (apparel), Technical Designer, Entrepreneur in garment manufacturing.
GET/Merchandiser (entry in export houses/brands): ₹3 Lakhs - ₹6 Lakhs per annum (₹25,000 - ₹50,000+ per month).
NIFT graduates often have an edge.
3 or 4 years (6 or 8 Semesters)
Sem 1-2: Design Fundamentals, Drawing & Drafting, Basic Materials, History of Art & Interiors.
Sem 3-4: Interior Design Studio I (Residential), Space Planning, Furniture Design, Building Construction I, CAD I.
Sem 5-6: Interior Design Studio II (Commercial/Retail), Lighting Design, Services, Advanced Materials, CAD II & 3D Viz.
Sem 7-8: Interior Design Studio III (Thesis/Specialized), Professional Practice, Estimation, Internship, Portfolio Development.
Interior Designer (Residential, Commercial), Furniture Designer, Exhibition Designer, Set Designer (for events/media), Lighting Consultant, CAD Draftsman/Visualizer, Project Manager (interiors), Design Consultant, Entrepreneur (own design firm).
Junior Interior Designer (entry): ₹2.5 Lakhs - ₹5 Lakhs per annum (₹20,000 - ₹40,000+ per month).
Freelance/own practice can be highly variable.
3 years (6 Semesters)
Sem 1-2: Foundational practical & theory in chosen specialization, Introduction to allied arts, Language.
Sem 3-4: Intermediate practical & theory, History of the art form, Basic stagecraft/production elements.
Sem 5-6: Advanced practical & theory, Specialization electives, Performance/Production based projects, Dissertation (sometimes).
Performer (Musician, Dancer, Actor), Teacher (Music/Dance/Drama schools), Choreographer, Music Composer/Arranger, Theatre Director/Producer, Stage Manager, Arts Administrator, Critic, Researcher in performing arts, Voice-over artist, Event performer.
Performer/Freelancer: Highly variable, depends on talent, opportunities, and reputation. Can be meager initially.
Teacher (entry in private institutes): ₹1.8 Lakhs - ₹3.5 Lakhs per annum (₹15,000 - ₹30,000+ per month).
3 years (6 Semesters)
Sem 1-2: Introduction to Social Work, Sociology, Psychology, English/Regional Language, Concurrent Field Work.
Sem 3-4: Social Work Methods (Casework, Group Work), Indian Social Problems, Social Legislation, Concurrent Field Work.
Sem 5-6: Community Organization, Social Research, Electives (Fields of Social Work), NGO Management, Block Field Work/Project.
Social Worker in NGOs, Government welfare departments, Hospitals (Medical/Psychiatric Social Worker), Schools (School Social Worker/Counselor), Child welfare agencies, Old age homes, Correctional institutions, Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) departments, Community development projects, Researcher. Foundation for MSW.
Social Worker (entry in NGOs): ₹1.8 Lakhs - ₹3.5 Lakhs per annum (₹15,000 - ₹30,000+ per month).
Govt. roles or international NGOs can offer better pay. MSW significantly improves prospects.
3 years (6 Semesters)
Sem 1-2: Introduction to Rural Development, Rural Sociology, Basic Economics, Communication Skills.
Sem 3-4: Rural Economics, Panchayati Raj, Rural Development Policies, Agricultural Systems.
Sem 5-6: Natural Resource Management, Rural Livelihoods, Project Management, Field Work/Dissertation.
Rural Development Officer in government schemes (e.g., MGNREGA), NGOs working in rural areas, Microfinance institutions, Agribusiness companies (rural outreach), Cooperative sector, Banks (rural branches), Researcher in rural studies, Consultant for rural projects.
Field Officer/Coordinator (NGOs/Projects): ₹2 Lakhs - ₹4 Lakhs per annum (₹18,000 - ₹35,000+ per month).
Govt. roles offer structured pay scales.
1 year (2 Semesters) - *Usually a postgraduate diploma or degree taken after any Bachelor's degree. Some places might offer it as part of an integrated 3 or 4-year program.* (Assuming the 1-year model here, as it's common).
Sem 1: Library & Society, Classification Theory, Cataloguing Theory, Information Sources, Management Basics.
Sem 2: Classification Practice, Cataloguing Practice, IT Applications, Reference Services, Digital Libraries, Project/Internship.
Librarian/Assistant Librarian in schools, colleges, universities, public libraries, special libraries (corporate, research institutions), Information Officer, Archivist, Documentalist, Knowledge Manager, Library automation consultant.
Assistant Librarian (entry): ₹2 Lakhs - ₹4.5 Lakhs per annum (₹18,000 - ₹38,000+ per month).
University/Govt. Librarian roles (after NET/Ph.D.) have good pay scales.
2 years (4 Semesters) - *Usually after a Bachelor's degree. Some integrated 4-year B.Sc. (Physical Education, Health Education & Sports) also exist.* (Assuming the 2-year B.P.Ed model here).
Sem 1: Foundations of Phy. Ed., Anatomy & Physiology, Health Ed., Rules of Games I.
Sem 2: Kinesiology, Sports Psychology, Methods of Teaching I, Practical Skills I.
Sem 3: Sports Training, Test & Measurement, Org. & Admin., Rules of Games II, Teaching Practice.
Sem 4: Yoga, Adapted Phy. Ed., Sports Nutrition, Methods of Teaching II, Practical Skills II, Internship.
Physical Education Teacher (PET) in schools & colleges, Sports Coach, Fitness Trainer/Instructor in gyms & fitness centers, Yoga Instructor, Sports Administrator, Official/Referee, Sports event coordinator, Personal trainer.
PET in Schools (entry): ₹2.5 Lakhs - ₹5 Lakhs per annum (₹20,000 - ₹40,000+ per month). Govt. roles are well-paid.
Fitness Trainer/Coach: Variable, depends on certifications, clientele, and establishment.
3 years (6 Semesters)
Sem 1-2: Introduction to Aviation, Basic Management, Physics, Maths, Communication.
Sem 3-4: Airport Operations, Airline Operations, Aviation Safety, Air Traffic Basics.
Sem 5-6: Cargo Management, Airline Marketing, Aviation Law, Internship/Project.
Commercial Pilot (after CPL & type rating): Highly variable, starts from ₹1 Lakh - ₹3 Lakhs+ per month for junior first officers, increases significantly.
Ground Staff/Operations (entry): ₹2.5 Lakhs - ₹5 Lakhs per annum (₹20,000 - ₹40,000+ per month).
3 years (6 Semesters)
Sem 1-2: Microeconomics I, Macroeconomics I, Business Accounting, Maths for Business Economics.
Sem 3-4: Microeconomics II, Macroeconomics II, Statistics for Business Economics, Marketing, Corporate Finance I.
Sem 5-6: Econometrics, Industrial Economics, International Economics, Electives (e.g., Project Appraisal, Environmental Economics), Dissertation/Project.
Business Analyst, Economic Analyst, Market Researcher, Financial Analyst (entry-level), Data Analyst, Consultant (junior roles), Banking sector, Investment firms, Policy research organizations, E-commerce companies (business intelligence), Foundation for MBA or MA Economics.
Business/Economic Analyst (entry): ₹3.5 Lakhs - ₹7 Lakhs per annum (₹30,000 - ₹60,000+ per month).
Strong analytical and quantitative skills are valued.
3 years (6 Semesters)
Sem 1-2: Programming in C, Digital Computer Fundamentals, Mathematics I, Communication Skills, Office Automation.
Sem 3-4: Data Structures, Object-Oriented Programming (C++/Java), DBMS, Operating Systems, Computer Networks I.
Sem 5-6: Web Technologies, Software Engineering, Electives (e.g., Python, Mobile Apps, Cloud), Major Project.
Software Developer (entry-level), Web Developer, IT Support Specialist, System Administrator (junior), Database Administrator (junior), Technical Writer, QA Tester. Foundation for MCA or M.Sc. IT/CS.
Entry-level Software Developer/Support: ₹2.5 Lakhs - ₹5 Lakhs per annum (₹20,000 - ₹40,000+ per month).
Skills in specific technologies can enhance salary.
3 years (6 Semesters)
Sem 1-2: Intro to Event Management, Principles of Management, Communication Skills, Basic Accounting, Event Concepts.
Sem 3-4: Event Planning, Event Marketing & Sponsorship, Event Logistics, Vendor Management, Basic PR.
Sem 5-6: Event Production, Risk Management, Event Law, Specialization electives (e.g., Wedding Planning, Corporate Events), Major Event Project/Internship.
Event Coordinator, Event Planner, Event Manager (junior roles), Client Servicing Executive (Events), Venue Manager, Production Assistant (Events), Artist Manager, Sponsorship Coordinator. Opportunities in event management companies, wedding planning firms, corporate event departments, hotels, PR agencies.
Event Coordinator/Executive (entry): ₹2 Lakhs - ₹4.5 Lakhs per annum (₹18,000 - ₹38,000+ per month).
Experience and networking are crucial for growth.
3 years (6 Semesters)
Sem 1-2: Introduction to Film & TV, History of Media, Basic Photography & Videography, Writing for Visual Media.
Sem 3-4: Scriptwriting, Direction I, Cinematography I, Editing I, Sound Recording I.
Sem 5-6: Advanced Direction, Cinematography, Editing, Sound Design, Production Management, Specialization projects (e.g., Short Film, Documentary, TV Program), Portfolio.
Assistant Director, Assistant Cinematographer, Video Editor, Sound Recordist/Designer (entry roles), Production Assistant/Coordinator, Script Supervisor, Content Creator for online platforms, Documentary Filmmaker, Independent Filmmaker. Opportunities in film production houses, TV channels, advertising agencies, digital media companies.
Production Assistant/Junior Technician (entry): ₹1.8 Lakhs - ₹4 Lakhs per annum (₹15,000 - ₹35,000+ per month).
Highly project-based and dependent on experience and networking.
3 or 4 years (6 or 8 Semesters)
Sem 1-2: Intro to Hospitality & Tourism, Basic Food Production & Service, Front Office basics, Tourism Principles.
Sem 3-4: Advanced Food Production & Service, Housekeeping, Travel Agency Ops, Tourism Products, Hotel Accounting.
Sem 5: Industrial Training (Hospitality or Tourism sector).
Sem 6-7: Airline Ticketing, Itinerary Planning, Tourism Marketing, Hospitality Marketing, HRM, Law.
Sem 8: Strategic Management, Electives, Project/Dissertation.
Roles in Hotels, Airlines, Travel Agencies, Tour Operating companies, Cruise Lines, Event Management, Tourism Boards (State/National), Online Travel Agencies (OTAs), Customer Service, Sales & Marketing in hospitality/tourism sectors.
Trainee/Executive (entry): ₹2.5 Lakhs - ₹5 Lakhs per annum (₹20,000 - ₹40,000+ per month).
Similar to BHM, growth depends on experience and sector.
3 or 4 years (6 or 8 Semesters) - Often a blend of IT and Management.
Sem 1-2: Introduction to IM, Programming I, Business Communication, Basic Maths & Stats, Principles of Management.
Sem 3-4: Database Systems, Systems Analysis & Design, Web Technologies, Organizational Behavior, Marketing Basics.
Sem 5-6: MIS, Data Warehousing, IT Project Management, Information Security, Finance Basics.
Sem 7-8: ERP concepts, Business Intelligence, Knowledge Management, Electives, Major Project/Internship.
Business Analyst, Systems Analyst, IT Consultant (junior), MIS Executive, Database Administrator (entry), Data Analyst (entry), IT Project Coordinator, Information Manager, Knowledge Management Associate. Bridge between IT and business functions.
Analyst/Executive (entry): ₹3 Lakhs - ₹6 Lakhs per annum (₹25,000 - ₹50,000+ per month).
This usually refers to the first 3 years of a 5-year integrated BLS LLB program. If taken as a standalone degree (less common), it would be 3 years (6 Semesters) before pursuing a separate 2 or 3-year LLB.
Sem 1-2: English I, Political Science I (Theory/Concepts), Economics I (Micro), Sociology I (Intro).
Sem 3-4: English II (Communication/Legal Language), Political Science II (Indian Govt.), Economics II (Macro), Sociology II (Indian Society).
Sem 5-6: History (Legal/Constitutional), Political Science III (Comparative/International), Logic/Elements of Law, Research Methodology (intro).
(This then transitions into core LLB subjects for the remaining 2 years if part of a 5-year BLS LLB).
As a standalone degree, the scope is similar to a general BA, useful for civil services preparation, journalism, social research, or entry-level roles in policy think tanks with a legal orientation. Its primary value is realized upon completion of the full BLS LLB degree, leading to careers as an Advocate, Legal Advisor, etc. (refer to LLB scope).
After full BLS LLB: Same as other 5-year integrated LLB programs (e.g., ₹6 Lakhs - ₹18 Lakhs+ p.a. in corporate law firms for top graduates).
Standalone BLS degree (if offered): Similar to general BA graduates, e.g., ₹2 Lakhs - ₹4 Lakhs p.a. for entry roles.
3 years (6 Semesters)
Sem 1-2: Design Fundamentals, Drawing, Digital Art (Photoshop/Illustrator), Introduction to Animation, History of Art & Media.
Sem 3-4: 2D Animation techniques, 3D Modeling & Texturing, Video Editing & Audio Editing, Web Design basics.
Sem 5-6: Advanced 3D Animation & Rigging, VFX Compositing, Game Design introduction, Specialization electives (e.g., Motion Graphics, Interactive Design), Portfolio Project.
Graphic Designer, 2D/3D Animator, Video Editor, VFX Artist (junior), Web Designer (UI focus), Multimedia Designer, Game Artist (entry-level), Motion Graphics Artist, E-learning content developer, UI/UX Designer (entry). Opportunities in animation studios, gaming companies, advertising agencies, media houses, e-learning companies, IT companies.
Junior Designer/Animator (entry): ₹2.5 Lakhs - ₹5 Lakhs per annum (₹20,000 - ₹40,000+ per month).
Portfolio, specific software proficiency, and creativity are very important for career growth.
3 years (6 Semesters)
Sem 1-2: Introduction to PR & Mass Communication, Writing Skills for Media, Basic Marketing & Advertising Principles, Current Affairs.
Sem 3-4: Corporate Communication, Media Relations, Event Management basics, Digital PR I, Advertising Copywriting & Layout.
Sem 5-6: Crisis Communication, Brand Management, Advanced Digital PR & Analytics, PR & Advertising Campaigns, Internship/Project.
Public Relations Executive/Officer, Corporate Communications Executive, Media Relations Coordinator, Social Media Manager, Content Strategist (PR focus), Event Coordinator (PR events), Brand Communications Executive, Advertising Account Executive (entry), Client Servicing Executive. Opportunities in PR agencies, advertising agencies, corporate communications departments, NGOs, government PR wings, political consultancies, media houses.
PR/Advertising Executive (entry): ₹2.5 Lakhs - ₹5 Lakhs per annum (₹20,000 - ₹40,000+ per month).
Strong communication skills and portfolio of work are beneficial.
3 years (6 Semesters)
Sem 1-2: Intro to Sports Management, Principles of Management, Communication Skills, Basic Accounting, Overview of Major Sports Ecosystems.
Sem 3-4: Sports Marketing & Sponsorship, Sports Event Planning & Operations, Sports Law & Ethics, Sports Finance basics.
Sem 5-6: Sports Media & Communication, Sports Facility Management, Sports Governance & Policy, Electives (e.g., Athlete Management, Sports Analytics), Major Project/Internship.
Sports Marketing Executive, Event Coordinator/Manager (Sports), Team Manager (assistant/operations roles), Sports Facility Manager (assistant), Athlete Representative/Agent (junior roles), Sports Media Coordinator/Journalist (entry), Sponsorship Sales Executive, Operations Executive in sports leagues/franchises/academies, Sports Goods retail management, Grassroots Sports Development Officer.
Sports Management Trainee/Executive (entry): ₹2.5 Lakhs - ₹5 Lakhs per annum (₹20,000 - ₹40,000+ per month).
Networking, practical experience through internships, and passion for sports are key for growth.
3 years (6 Semesters)
Sem 1-2: Intro to Tourism Industry, Tourism Products of India, World Geography for Tourism, Communication Skills, Foreign Language I.
Sem 3-4: Travel Agency & Tour Operations, Itinerary Planning, Airline Ticketing Fundamentals, Hotel Operations Basics, Tourism Marketing.
Sem 5-6: Global Distribution Systems (GDS) Training, Eco-tourism & Sustainable Practices, Tourism Policy & Law, Advanced Foreign Language, Event Management, Internship/Project.
Travel Consultant, Tour Operator Executive, Ticketing Executive (Airline/Agency), Customer Service Executive (Airlines, Travel Agencies, Hotels), MICE (Meetings, Incentives, Conferences, Exhibitions) Executive, Tourism Marketing & Sales Executive, Hotel Front Office/Guest Relations Executive, Ground Staff at Airports (Customer Service/Operations), Foreign Exchange Assistant, Entrepreneur in travel services (e.g., niche tours, travel blogging with monetization).
Travel Executive/Consultant (entry): ₹2 Lakhs - ₹4.5 Lakhs per annum (₹18,000 - ₹38,000+ per month).
IATA certification and GDS proficiency significantly enhance employability and salary.
3 or 4 years (6 or 8 Semesters) - Often similar to BFA, but some institutions use BVA for a potentially broader or more contemporary/interdisciplinary approach.
Year 1 (Foundation Year): Intensive studio work in drawing, design, color; introduction to various materials and techniques; art history survey.
Year 2 (Exploratory/Early Specialization): Students may explore a few areas of interest or begin focusing on a chosen specialization. Intermediate studio work, history of specialized field.
Year 3 (Deep Specialization): Advanced studio practice in the chosen specialization, development of individual artistic style/voice, critical theory, contemporary art issues.
Year 4 (Thesis/Portfolio): Major thesis project or body of work for exhibition, portfolio development, professional practices, seminars, dissertation (if required).
Practicing Artist (Painter, Sculptor, Printmaker, New Media Artist, etc.), Graphic Designer, Illustrator, Commercial Artist, Photographer, Art Educator/Teacher (often requires B.Ed or MFA), Curator/Assistant Curator in galleries/museums, Gallery Manager, Art Critic/Writer, Art Director in advertising/media, Animator (if skills align), Textile Designer, Ceramist. Many BVA graduates pursue an MFA for further specialization and career advancement, especially in academia or high-level curatorial roles.
Freelance Artist: Income is highly unpredictable and depends on sales, commissions, grants, and reputation. Can be very low initially.
Graphic Designer/Illustrator (entry): ₹2.5 Lakhs - ₹5 Lakhs per annum (₹20,000 - ₹40,000+ per month).
Art Teacher (entry in schools): ₹2.5 Lakhs - ₹4.5 Lakhs per annum.
Portfolio quality and networking are extremely crucial.
3 years (6 Semesters) - *This program emphasizes skill development and often has multiple entry/exit points (e.g., Diploma after 1 year, Advanced Diploma after 2 years, B.Voc degree after 3 years).*
The curriculum is a mix of General Education Components and Skill Components.
Sem 1-2 (Leads to Diploma if exit): General education subjects, Foundational theoretical and practical skills for the chosen vocation, Basic workshop/lab sessions, Industry orientation.
Sem 3-4 (Leads to Advanced Diploma if exit): More specialized vocational skills, Advanced practical training, Mini-projects, Industry visits/short internships.
Sem 5-6 (Leads to B.Voc Degree): Advanced specialization within the vocation, Major project work, Extensive internship/apprenticeship, Entrepreneurship skills.
The scope is directly tied to the specific vocational stream chosen. Graduates are expected to be job-ready for specific roles in that industry. Examples:
The program also aims to foster entrepreneurship in the chosen trade. Opportunities for vertical mobility to higher education (e.g., specialized Master's or MBA) are also available.
Skilled Technician/Executive/Supervisor (entry): ₹1.8 Lakhs - ₹4.5 Lakhs per annum (₹15,000 - ₹38,000+ per month).
Highly dependent on the specific vocation, industry demand for those skills, location, and the quality of skill training received. Industry certifications obtained during B.Voc can add value.
5 years (10 Semesters)
Sem 1-6: Largely follows the standard B.Tech curriculum of the chosen branch with foundational science and engineering courses, followed by core discipline subjects.
Sem 7-8: Transition phase; students often take advanced B.Tech electives that also serve as M.Tech foundation courses. Initiation of M.Tech level coursework and possibly preliminary work for the M.Tech thesis.
Sem 9-10: Intensive M.Tech specialization courses, advanced electives, seminars, and dedicated work on the M.Tech dissertation/thesis, culminating in a defense.
Specialized Engineer in R&D departments of public and private sector organizations (e.g., ISRO, DRDO, CSIR labs, MNC R&D centers), Core engineering companies requiring advanced design, analysis, or research skills, Public Sector Undertakings (PSUs), Teaching/Research positions in academic institutions (Ph.D. often preferred for long-term academic careers), Higher entry-level positions and responsibilities compared to B.Tech graduates, Opportunities in niche technology areas and high-tech startups.
Engineer with Specialization (entry from IITs, top NITs, IISc): ₹8 Lakhs - ₹20 Lakhs+ per annum (₹65,000 - ₹1,60,000+ per month).
From other reputable institutions: ₹5 Lakhs - ₹10 Lakhs per annum.
Varies greatly by discipline, specialization, the reputation of the institution, and the hiring company/sector. Strong research profile and project work can lead to better opportunities.
5 years (10 Semesters or a combination of semester and trimester systems, especially for the MBA part)
Years 1-2 (Foundation - BBA focus): Core BBA subjects covering all functional areas of business at an introductory/intermediate level.
Year 3 (Transition & Pre-MBA): Advanced undergraduate business subjects, bridge courses, and introduction to core MBA concepts and analytical tools.
Years 4-5 (MBA Focus): Rigorous MBA core curriculum in the first part, followed by specialization electives. Includes summer internship and final capstone project/dissertation.
Management Trainee programs in various industries, Business Analyst, Marketing Manager (entry/assistant), Finance Manager (entry/assistant), HR Manager (entry/assistant), Operations Manager (entry/assistant), Supply Chain Analyst, Business Development Manager, Product Manager (assistant), Management Consultant (analyst roles). Opportunities across diverse sectors like FMCG, Banking & Financial Services (BFSI), IT & ITeS, Manufacturing, Consulting, E-commerce, Retail, Healthcare Management, Startups. Provides an accelerated path to management careers.
Management Trainee (entry from top-tier Integrated MBA programs like IIM Indore/Rohtak): ₹12 Lakhs - ₹25 Lakhs+ per annum.
From other reputable universities/institutions offering integrated MBA: ₹5 Lakhs - ₹10 Lakhs per annum.
Highly dependent on the institution's ranking, industry linkages, specialization chosen, and individual student's performance and skills.
5 years (10 Semesters)
Sem 1-6 (B.Sc Phase): Follows a rigorous B.Sc curriculum of the chosen discipline, often with additional advanced or interdisciplinary courses compared to a standard B.Sc. Emphasis on building strong theoretical and practical foundations.
Sem 7-10 (M.Sc Phase): Focus on M.Sc level advanced core and elective courses, specialized laboratory experiments, extensive research project or dissertation work, seminars, and possibly a comprehensive viva-voce.
Research Scientist/Associate in national R&D laboratories (e.g., CSIR network, DRDO, ISRO, BARC, ICMR, ICAR), private sector R&D units (pharma, chemical, biotech, materials science), Academia (Lecturer/Assistant Professor in colleges/universities, typically after clearing NET/SET and/or Ph.D.), Data Analyst/Scientist (especially for Mathematics, Statistics, Economics specializations), Product Specialist roles in scientific instrument companies, Quality Control/Assurance Manager in relevant industries (pharma, chemical, food), Environmental Consultant (for Env. Science), Geologist/Hydrogeologist (for Earth Sciences). Excellent foundation for pursuing a Ph.D. in India or abroad.
Research Associate/Scientist (entry in Govt. labs/PSUs): ₹5 Lakhs - ₹9 Lakhs per annum (₹40,000 - ₹75,000+ per month).
Private Sector R&D / Analyst Roles: ₹4 Lakhs - ₹10 Lakhs per annum, can be higher for specialized skills (e.g., data science, biotech R&D).
Graduates from premier institutions like IISERs, NISER, CEBS, and top Central Universities often command higher salaries and better research opportunities.
3 years (6 Semesters) - This program is typically pursued *after* completing a Master's degree (e.g., MA, M.Sc, M.Com) in a school-related subject. It integrates B.Ed and M.Ed into a shorter duration.
Sem 1-2: Core B.Ed foundational courses (Psychology, Philosophy, Sociology of Education), introduction to pedagogy, basics of educational research, early M.Ed foundational courses.
Sem 3-4: Advanced B.Ed courses (Assessment, ICT, Inclusive Ed.), Pedagogy of specialization, core M.Ed courses (Advanced Ed. Psychology, Research Methods), School Internship component.
Sem 5-6: Focus on M.Ed specialization courses, Teacher Education, Educational Administration, intensive work on the M.Ed dissertation/thesis, advanced seminars.
Teacher Educator in B.Ed/D.El.Ed colleges and University Departments of Education, Principal/Vice-Principal/Educational Administrator in schools, Curriculum Developer & Designer for educational boards/organizations, Educational Researcher in government bodies (NCERT, SCERTs, NUEPA) or private research firms, Policy Analyst in education sector, Senior teaching positions in schools (PGT with administrative potential), Consultant for educational programs & teacher training, Content developers for EdTech companies. This degree is essential for academic and leadership roles within the field of education and teacher training.
Lecturer/Assistant Professor in Teacher Training Colleges/University Departments (entry, often after NET/SET): ₹4.5 Lakhs - ₹8 Lakhs per annum (₹38,000 - ₹70,000+ per month). Pay scales are higher in government institutions.
School Principal/Senior Administrator: Salaries vary widely based on the type of school (government, private, international), location, and experience, ranging from ₹8 Lakhs to ₹20 Lakhs+ per annum.
4 years (8 Semesters)
Sem 1-4: Predominantly BA subjects with foundational education courses integrated (e.g., Child Development, Introduction to Education, Understanding India & Education).
Sem 5-6: A mix of advanced BA subjects and core B.Ed pedagogical courses (e.g., Learning & Teaching, Knowledge & Curriculum, Pedagogy of Subject 1).
Sem 7-8: Primarily B.Ed professional subjects, Pedagogy of Subject 2, Assessment, Inclusive Education, ICT, and a significant School Internship program.
Trained Graduate Teacher (TGT) in government or private secondary schools, qualified to teach the Arts/Social Science subjects studied in their BA component (e.g., Social Science Teacher, English Teacher, History Teacher, etc.). This degree makes candidates eligible for teacher recruitment after clearing relevant Teacher Eligibility Tests (TET/CTET/State-specific tests). Other roles include Educational Content Developer (for Arts/Social Science subjects), Curriculum Assistant, Educational Coordinator in schools or NGOs, Online Tutor. This integrated program saves one academic year compared to pursuing a BA followed by a separate 2-year B.Ed.
Government School Teacher (TGT): ₹45,000 - ₹70,000+ per month (varies by state government pay scales and allowances).
Private School Teacher (entry-level, TGT): ₹20,000 - ₹40,000+ per month (varies significantly based on school's reputation, location, and board affiliation - CBSE, ICSE, IB, State Board).
4 years (8 Semesters)
Sem 1-4: Predominantly B.Sc subjects with foundational education courses integrated (e.g., Child Development, Introduction to Education, Science & Society).
Sem 5-6: A mix of advanced B.Sc subjects and core B.Ed pedagogical courses (e.g., Learning & Teaching, Knowledge & Curriculum, Pedagogy of Science/Maths I).
Sem 7-8: Primarily B.Ed professional subjects, Pedagogy of Science/Maths II, Assessment, Inclusive Education, ICT, and a significant School Internship program.
Trained Graduate Teacher (TGT) in government or private secondary schools, qualified to teach Science and/or Mathematics based on their B.Sc specialization (e.g., Science Teacher, Maths Teacher, Physics Teacher, Biology Teacher). This degree makes candidates eligible for teacher recruitment after clearing relevant Teacher Eligibility Tests (TET/CTET/State-specific tests). Other roles include Science Content Developer for educational platforms, Lab Coordinator with teaching responsibilities in schools, Science Communicator, Online Tutor for science/maths. This integrated program saves one academic year compared to pursuing a B.Sc followed by a separate 2-year B.Ed.
Government School Teacher (TGT - Science/Maths): ₹45,000 - ₹70,000+ per month (varies by state government pay scales and allowances).
Private School Teacher (entry-level, TGT - Science/Maths): ₹25,000 - ₹45,000+ per month (varies significantly based on school's reputation, location, and board affiliation).
5 years (10 Semesters) - Undergraduate Law Degree
Sem 1-4 (Years 1-2): A mix of B.A. core subjects and foundational law subjects like Legal Methods, Law of Torts, and Contract Law.
Sem 5-6 (Year 3): Transition period with fewer B.A. subjects and an increased focus on core law subjects like Constitutional Law, Criminal Law, Family Law.
Sem 7-10 (Years 4-5): Predominantly law subjects, including procedural laws (CPC, CrPC, Evidence), advanced corporate and commercial laws, specialized electives, and intensive clinical legal education (moot courts, drafting, client counseling, legal aid clinics), culminating in a dissertation or research project in some universities.
Advocate/Lawyer (litigation in various courts – civil, criminal, corporate, etc.), Legal Advisor/Consultant for corporations and individuals, Associate in Law Firms (handling diverse legal matters), Judiciary (after clearing judicial services examinations – Magistrate, Civil Judge), Public Prosecutor/Government Advocate, In-house Counsel for companies and PSUs, Legal Process Outsourcing (LPO) sector, Academia (teaching in law schools after LLM/Ph.D./NET), Legal Journalism, Policy Research & Advocacy with NGOs or think tanks, Civil Services (UPSC, State PSCs). Graduates often have a broader perspective valued by employers, especially corporate law firms.
Associate in Tier-1 Law Firms (entry from National Law Universities - NLUs & other top colleges): ₹10 Lakhs - ₹20 Lakhs+ per annum. Can be significantly higher for exceptional candidates from top NLUs.
Associate in Tier-2/3 Law Firms or In-house Counsel (entry): ₹4 Lakhs - ₹8 Lakhs per annum.
Independent Litigation (start): Highly variable, can be modest initially (₹15,000 - ₹40,000+ per month), heavily dependent on networking, location, and nature of cases.
Judicial Services/Government Advocate: Good government pay scales with benefits and job security.
5 years (10 Semesters) - Undergraduate Law Degree with Business Management focus
Sem 1-4 (Years 1-2): A mix of core BBA subjects and foundational law subjects.
Sem 5-6 (Year 3): Advanced BBA subjects (e.g., Strategic Management basics, International Business basics) and increased focus on core law subjects, especially those related to business.
Sem 7-10 (Years 4-5): Predominantly law subjects, with specialized electives in corporate, commercial, and financial laws. Intensive clinical legal education relevant to business disputes and transactions, and often a dissertation on a techno-commercial or corporate law topic.
Highly sought after for roles in: Corporate Law Firms (especially in M&A, Private Equity, Banking & Finance, General Corporate Advisory), In-house Legal Departments of multinational corporations and large Indian companies, Management roles requiring strong legal acumen, Business Consultancies with legal advisory wings, Investment Banking (legal & compliance roles), Regulatory bodies (SEBI, CCI, RBI – legal departments), Taxation Law practice, International Trade Law, Startup Advisory (legal and business structuring), Insolvency & Bankruptcy practice. The business management background provides a distinct advantage in understanding client needs and business contexts.
Associate in Tier-1 Corporate Law Firms (entry from NLUs & top private law schools): ₹12 Lakhs - ₹22 Lakhs+ per annum. Top performers can exceed this.
In-house Counsel (entry in large corporates): ₹7 Lakhs - ₹15 Lakhs per annum.
Management/Consulting roles with legal focus: Varies, but generally competitive, starting from ₹8 Lakhs+ per annum.
5 years (10 Semesters) - Undergraduate Law Degree with Commerce focus
Sem 1-4 (Years 1-2): Mix of core B.Com subjects and foundational law subjects.
Sem 5-6 (Year 3): Advanced B.Com subjects (e.g., Advanced Accounting, Auditing, Financial Management basics) and increased focus on core law subjects relevant to commerce.
Sem 7-10 (Years 4-5): Predominantly law subjects, with specialized electives in taxation, corporate finance law, banking law, and other commercial laws. Intensive clinical legal education, and often a dissertation on a topic at the intersection of commerce and law.
Highly valued in: Corporate Law Firms (specializing in Taxation, M&A, Banking & Finance, Capital Markets, General Corporate), In-house legal & compliance departments of companies (especially in finance and accounting heavy sectors), Chartered Accountancy / Company Secretary firms (as legal advisors or for litigation support), Taxation Law practice (Direct & Indirect Taxes), Banking & Financial Institutions (legal, credit, and compliance departments), Securities Market (SEBI, Stock Exchanges – legal roles), Insurance Sector (legal & claims), Insolvency Professional (after further qualification), Forensic Accounting (legal aspects), International Trade & Customs Law.
Corporate Law Firm Associate (entry from NLUs/top colleges): ₹8 Lakhs - ₹20 Lakhs+ per annum.
Specialist roles in Taxation/Finance Law (entry): Can be very competitive, starting from ₹8 Lakhs+ per annum.
In-house Counsel (finance/commerce focused companies): ₹7 Lakhs - ₹15 Lakhs per annum at entry.